Assessor Resource

NWP508A
Apply principles of hydraulics to pipe and channel flow

Assessment tool

Version 1.0
Issue Date: March 2024


This unit covers generic competency for a range of technical and operational work roles in water flow calculations.

This unit describes the competencies required to use hydraulic principles and calculations of theoretical flows. An understanding of the processes required to collect data accurately, interpret data, verify data and apply theoretical techniques to produce flow data are essential to performance.

You may want to include more information here about the target group and the purpose of the assessments (eg formative, summative, recognition)

Prerequisites

Not applicable.


Employability Skills

This unit contains employability skills.




Evidence Required

List the assessment methods to be used and the context and resources required for assessment. Copy and paste the relevant sections from the evidence guide below and then re-write these in plain English.

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria, required skills and knowledge, range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package.

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The candidate should demonstrate the ability to use a range of hydraulics principles and calculations of theoretical flows including:

calculating energy in pipe flows

calculating hydraulic and energy gradient for pipelines

calculating flow in open channels

calculating flows through notches and weirs

calculating proportions for an economic section.

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Access to the workplace and resources including:

documentation that should normally be available in a water industry organisation

relevant codes, standards, and government regulations.

Where applicable, physical resources should include equipment modified for people with disabilities.

Access must be provided to appropriate learning and/or assessment support when required.

Assessment processes and techniques must be culturally appropriate, and appropriate to the language and literacy capacity of the candidate and the work being performed.

Validity and sufficiency of evidence requires that:

competency will need to be demonstrated over a period of time reflecting the scope of the role and the practical requirements of the workplace

where the assessment is part of a structured learning experience the evidence collected must relate to a number of performances assessed at different points in time and separated by further learning and practice

a decision of competence should only be made when the assessor has complete confidence in the person's competence over time and in various contexts

all assessment that is part of a structured learning experience must include a combination of direct, indirect and supplementary evidence

where assessment is for the purpose of recognition (RCC/RPL), the evidence provided will need to be authenticated and show that it represents competency demonstrated over a period of time

assessment can be through simulated project-based activity and must include evidence relating to each of the elements in this unit.

Questioning will be undertaken in a manner appropriate to the skill levels of the operator, any cultural issues that may affect responses to the questions, and reflecting the requirements of the competency and the work being performed.


Submission Requirements

List each assessment task's title, type (eg project, observation/demonstration, essay, assingnment, checklist) and due date here

Assessment task 1: [title]      Due date:

(add new lines for each of the assessment tasks)


Assessment Tasks

Copy and paste from the following data to produce each assessment task. Write these in plain English and spell out how, when and where the task is to be carried out, under what conditions, and what resources are needed. Include guidelines about how well the candidate has to perform a task for it to be judged satisfactory.

Required skills:

draw velocity distribution curves for fluids in pipes or channels with both laminar flow and turbulent flow

use the Moody diagram

use data to determine the value of roughness

use simple equations for determining pipe friction with their appropriate application

calculate head losses in non-circular pipes

calculate minor energy losses associated with enlargements, contractions, valves, fittings and bends

calculate the flow in a pipe using data regarding minor energy losses

use AS 2200 for calculating minor losses

apply flow formulae to different open channel cross-sections in developing the proportions for an economic section

calculate the flow in pipelines

calculate the gradual varied flow profiles in uniform channels when the discharge is known

use analytical tools and formulae

interpret and apply technical documentation to the collection, analysis and reporting of hydrometric data

identify potential or actual operational problems

use computer systems

use recording and reporting systems.

Required knowledge:

application of matrix algebra to systems of linear equations

graphical and algebraic methods for solving systems of linear, quadratic, exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric equations

principles of fluid statics, fluid dynamics and hydraulic mechanics

Pascal's Law and hydrostatic effect on submerged surfaces

distinction between laminar and turbulent flow

Hagen-Poisseulle equation

Darcy-Weisbach equation

Bernoullii's equation

the effect of velocity variation on velocity head

equations for calculating the approximate value of the friction factor (

smooth and rough wall turbulent flow

minimise pipeline losses

the characteristics of flow through notches/weirs including the use of these in channel flow measurement

sampling and testing procedures

policies and standard operating procedures.

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Standard processes and software may include:

standards relevant to the monitoring network including AS 3778 for discharge ratings, WMO, best practice methodology where standards are not available or applicable

procedures for the measurement of surface slopes and flood slopes

procedures for the development, maintenance and extension of rating curves

computation of flow from stage data and rating curves

software:

Kisters - Hydstra

Scientific Software Group - AquaChem,

Microsoft - Excel

web-based development tools for presentation and reporting of data.

Flow conditions will include:

laminar flow

turbulent flow

smooth and rough pipe and channel surfaces

full pipe flow

submerged flow conditions

backwater

critical flow, sub critical and supercritical

uniform flow

rapidly changing flow

weir and flumes behaviour under various flow conditions.

Charts include:

Colebrook-White charts

Hazen and Williams charts

Manning charts.

Roughness coefficients include:

biological growths and other obstructions

slime deposits

incrustations

detritus

general debris

deterioration of unlined ferrous surfaces, because the bore may be diminished by oxide formations

irregularities at joints:

eccentricity

abrupt decrease of diameter

protrusions of mortar or other jointing materials

inadequate closure, especially if this has permitted tree roots to enter

amount and size of solids being transported

disturbances by flow from branch lines especially in sewers.

Methods used for measuring flows include:

container method

tilt tank method

trajectory method.

Formulae for calculating flows includes:

Chezy equation

Colebrook-White

Hazen and Williams

Darcy-Weisbach

Manning equation.

Characteristics of open channels include:

types of open channel

steadiness

uniformity

state of open channel flow

laminar, transitional and turbulent flow

critical, subcritical and supercritical flow.

Meters include:

mechanical meters such as:

the displacement type

the inferential type.

pressure meters such as:

pitot tube

orifice plate

Venturi meter.

Characteristics of notches and weirs will include:

type of the crest

shape of the notch

crest and conditions.

Hydraulic principles will include:

standards relevant to the monitoring network including AS 3778 Measurement of water flow in open channels and AS 2200 Design Charts for water supply and sewerage for calculating pipe and channel flows

Archimedes's Principle

Bernoulli's Equation

Newton's Laws of Motion

hydraulic gradient and total energy line

boundary layer theory

Reynold's Number

Pascal's Law

theory of gated structures

hydrostatic pressure

fluid dynamics

Moody Diagram

Manning's Formula

Chezy's Formula

specific energy formula

Darcy-Weisbach Equation

Hagen-Poisseulle Equation.

Copy and paste from the following performance criteria to create an observation checklist for each task. When you have finished writing your assessment tool every one of these must have been addressed, preferably several times in a variety of contexts. To ensure this occurs download the assessment matrix for the unit; enter each assessment task as a column header and place check marks against each performance criteria that task addresses.

Observation Checklist

Tasks to be observed according to workplace/college/TAFE policy and procedures, relevant legislation and Codes of Practice Yes No Comments/feedback
Review measurements and compare against expected trends. 
Use standard processes and software to check, edit, verify and audit data. 
Use standard processes to identify, estimate, adjust and justify data and review inconsistent data on flow conditions. 
Prepare records in a format suitable for dissemination. 
Prepare pipeline design charts using standard formulae. 
Identify the limitations of formulae. 
Identify variations in roughness coefficients. 
Calculate the pressure in pipeline systems using the hydraulic gradient line. 
Calculate the pipe discharge from reservoirs. 
Identify the methods used for measuring flows in open channels. 
Use the formulae for calculating flows in open channels. 
Distinguish the characteristics ofopen channels. 
Distinguish the uses of different measuring instruments and devices used in open channels 
Assess the hydraulic principles which apply to different meters. 
Identify the limitations of the meters. 
Identify the methods used for measuring flows in notches and weirs. 
Use the formulae for calculating flows in notches and weirs. 
Distinguish the applications and characteristics ofnotches and weirs. 
Distinguish the uses of different measuring instruments and devices used for notches and weirs. 
Assess the hydraulic principles which apply to different meters. 
Identify the limitations of the meters. 
Calculate the proportions of rectangular, trapezoidal and circular channels for maximum discharge. 
Use a partial flow chart to identify the depth of flow for maximum discharge and maximum velocity. 

Forms

Assessment Cover Sheet

NWP508A - Apply principles of hydraulics to pipe and channel flow
Assessment task 1: [title]

Student name:

Student ID:

I declare that the assessment tasks submitted for this unit are my own work.

Student signature:

Result: Competent Not yet competent

Feedback to student

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assessor name:

Signature:

Date:


Assessment Record Sheet

NWP508A - Apply principles of hydraulics to pipe and channel flow

Student name:

Student ID:

Assessment task 1: [title] Result: Competent Not yet competent

(add lines for each task)

Feedback to student:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overall assessment result: Competent Not yet competent

Assessor name:

Signature:

Date:

Student signature:

Date: