Assessor Resource

PMAOPS550B
Develop a colour formulation

Assessment tool

Version 1.0
Issue Date: April 2024


In a typical scenario, a technologist is given a colour sample, or colour description, and needs to develop a formulation. The formulation would be suitable for production by the company and produce a final product which meets the colour requirements of the customer. The development would include factory trials and modifications to the formulation. Typically the development will be of a new colour for an existing product of another colour. It may include the colour aspects (only) of developing a totally new product. This unit does not include the development of any aspect of the product other than its colour.

The technologist would:

identify potential manufacturing problems associated with the colour formulation and propose/implement solutions

analyse the production trials from the standpoint of the desired colour and the impact of the colour requirements on the production process and make modifications to ensure a product of stable colour and suitable manufacturing process.

Generally the technologist would be part of a team for the total development of a new product, but may develop the colour formulation for a new colour for an existing product independently. The technologist would liaise with relevant production and other personnel for production trials.

This unit covers the development of a new formulation, suitable for production, of a colour to match a sample/customer requirements. It includes both computer and visual colour matching and the adjustment of a computer suggested formulation to suit company conditions and standard materials/colourants.

You may want to include more information here about the target group and the purpose of the assessments (eg formative, summative, recognition)

Prerequisites

PMAOPS350B

Match and adjust colour

PMAOPS450B

Solve colour problems


Employability Skills

This unit contains employability skills.




Evidence Required

List the assessment methods to be used and the context and resources required for assessment. Copy and paste the relevant sections from the evidence guide below and then re-write these in plain English.

The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria, Required Skills and Knowledge, the Range Statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package.

Overview of assessment

Assessment for this unit of competency will be by developing colour formulations in a plant, laboratory or other relevant context. Assessment will occur over a range of situations which will include different design briefs.

Simulation may be required for assessment of this unit of competency. Simulation should be based on actual colour formulation developments. Simulations may also include the use of case studies/scenarios and role plays.

This unit of competency requires a significant body of knowledge which will be assessed through questioning and the use of what-if scenarios.

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Competence must be demonstrated in the ability to recognise and analyse potential situations requiring action and then in implementing appropriate corrective action. The emphasis should be on the predicting possible problems and determining actions required to avoid the difficulty.

Consistent performance should be demonstrated. In particular look to see that:

predicted colour formulations are reasonable

adjustments to formulations are made based on a rational interpretation of the results and an understanding of colour and the process

These aspects may be best assessed using a range of colour formulation development projects backed up by scenarios/case studies/what-ifs. These assessment activities should include a range of problems, including new, unusual and improbable situations which may have been generated from the past incident history of the plant, incidents on similar plants around the world, hazard analysis activities and similar sources.

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment will require a suitable method of gathering evidence of colour formulation ability over a range of situations. A bank of scenarios/case studies/what-ifs will be required as will a bank of questions which will be used to probe the reasoning behind the observable actions.

Method of assessment

In all plants it may be appropriate to assess this unit concurrently with relevant teamwork and communication units.

Guidance information for assessment

Assessment processes and techniques must be culturally appropriate and appropriate to the oracy, language and literacy capacity of the assessee and the work being performed.


Submission Requirements

List each assessment task's title, type (eg project, observation/demonstration, essay, assingnment, checklist) and due date here

Assessment task 1: [title]      Due date:

(add new lines for each of the assessment tasks)


Assessment Tasks

Copy and paste from the following data to produce each assessment task. Write these in plain English and spell out how, when and where the task is to be carried out, under what conditions, and what resources are needed. Include guidelines about how well the candidate has to perform a task for it to be judged satisfactory.

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit.

Required skills

This competency requires skills of:

communication

interrogation

observation

analysis

Required knowledge

Competence includes an understanding of colour, the interaction of colourants and the impacts of processing variables on the final colour of then product. In particular it includes the ability where relevant to:

interpret the 'flare path' on a tonal graph of tone vs time

choose the optimum grind/particle size for the required colour

balance gloss, opacity and tone

substitute colourants recommended from a 'computer match' for other colourants

make both metameric and non-metameric matches

determine the hazards arising from the colourants chosen

interpret weathering and other test data relevant to colour and the use of colour

describe the causes and remedies of common problems such as those selected in the Range Statement.

Competence also includes the ability to isolate the causes of problems to an item of equipment within the compressor system and to be able to distinguish between causes of problems such as:

wrong colourant

wrong colourant amount

wrong grind time/particle size

wrong wetting/dispersing.

The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the Performance Criteria, is detailed below. Add any essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment depending on the work situation, needs if the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts.

Codes of practice/ standards

Where reference is made to industry codes of practice, and/or Australian/international standards, the latest version must be used.

Context

This unit of competency covers the development of a new colour formulation 'from scratch', usually based on a provided colour sample. The formulation would normally use colourants already available within the company (preferred colourants), but does not preclude the use of colourants which are novel/new to the company. It may be applied to any industry sector requiring the development of a new colour formulation such as:

paint

ink

plastics

rubber

concrete products

glass products

clay/ceramic products.

Typical problems

Typical problems may include:

matching under different lighting conditions

variable surface finish/gloss level

non-metameric matching

process caused colour differences.

Health, safety and environment (HSE)

All operations to which this unit applies are subject to stringent health, safety and environment requirements, which may be imposed through State or Federal legislation, and these must not be compromised at any time. Where there is an apparent conflict between Performance Criteria and HSE requirements, the HSE requirements take precedence.

Copy and paste from the following performance criteria to create an observation checklist for each task. When you have finished writing your assessment tool every one of these must have been addressed, preferably several times in a variety of contexts. To ensure this occurs download the assessment matrix for the unit; enter each assessment task as a column header and place check marks against each performance criteria that task addresses.

Observation Checklist

Tasks to be observed according to workplace/college/TAFE policy and procedures, relevant legislation and Codes of Practice Yes No Comments/feedback
Communicate with customer and other key stakeholders and agree on: 
 
 
 
 
 
Determine end use of product, eg interior, exterior, automotive 
Develop and validate design brief to meet needs. 
Analyse colour sample (where provided) using colour computer and/or eye and predict possible colour formulation 
Compare predicted formulation with company/customer preferred colourants. 
Adjust predicted formulation to use preferred colourants. 
Check that the adjusted formulation complies with design brief. 
Make/arrange for small batch to adjusted formulation 
Undertake trials to determine optimum processing conditions where relevant 
Analyse colour of sample product and compare to design brief 
Modify formulation and processing (where relevant) to have simplicity of manufacture and to meet brief. 
Identify hazards arising from colour formulation and processing 
Assess risks arising from those hazards 
Determine appropriate action to control risks in accordance with hierarchy of control and duty of care 
Take required action before proceeding to trial. 
Design trial to procedure to deliver required information 
Ensure OHS and environmental requirements are stringently observed 
Coordinate the trialing of the new product 
Interpret colour trial results and guide colour trial process 
Adjust formulation, and if appropriate tune process, to optimise production of new colour. 
Determine colour testing and evaluation regime required to meet end use requirements, including regulatory/industry code requirements 
Arrange for testing and evaluation of trial colour 
Interpret colour trial results 
Modify formulation and conduct new trials as required 
Determine final formulation and processing specifications. 
Monitor initial production and adjust process, conditions and formulation to make the process a smooth operation 
Ensure process specifications reflect the optimised operation developed 
Ensure quality standards and procedures meet requirements of design brief 
Ensure procedures are correct for the new colour 
Ensure project records are complete and all required reports have been completed and submitted 
Archive records according to procedure. 

Forms

Assessment Cover Sheet

PMAOPS550B - Develop a colour formulation
Assessment task 1: [title]

Student name:

Student ID:

I declare that the assessment tasks submitted for this unit are my own work.

Student signature:

Result: Competent Not yet competent

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Assessor name:

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Assessment Record Sheet

PMAOPS550B - Develop a colour formulation

Student name:

Student ID:

Assessment task 1: [title] Result: Competent Not yet competent

(add lines for each task)

Feedback to student:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overall assessment result: Competent Not yet competent

Assessor name:

Signature:

Date:

Student signature:

Date: