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REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE |
This describes the knowledge required for this unit. |
1 | National and international regulations Conventions and Codes, including AMSA Marine Orders applicable to the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems on vessels of unlimited propulsion power |
2 | Established engineering practice and procedures for the operation of shipboard steam propulsion plant and associated systems in warm through, manoeuvring, start up, normal running, emergency and shut down situations |
3 | Operational characteristics and performance specifications for the different types of steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel of unlimited propulsion power |
4 | Fundamental principles of steam propulsion systems and boilers |
5 | The operating cycle of refrigeration and related problems on refrigeration plant performance, including: |
| a | the principles of refrigeration |
| b | the refrigeration cycle as a pressure/enthalpy diagram |
| c | the properties of refrigerants used in refrigeration plants |
| d | refrigeration effect and plant capacity |
6 | The psychrometric chart and the cycle of operation and working principles of air-conditioning plants, including the meaning of psychrometric terms such as relative humidity dry and wet bulb temperatures |
7 | The types, properties, tests, applications and treatment of fuels, lubricants, and solvents/chemicals used on board a steam vessel, including a basic understanding of the working principles, construction, maintenance and safe operation of centrifuges, filters, and other treatment devices |
8 | Basic principles of operation of main steam propulsion and auxiliary systems and boilers on a steam vessel, including: |
| a | the methods of turbine control, including safety devices |
| b | the symptoms, causes, effects, and actions to be taken of defects of auxiliary steam turbines |
| c | the construction and operation of main and auxiliary steam turbines |
| d | procedures for emergency operation of a steam turbine |
| e | methods of lubricating the principal components of a marine steam propulsion turbine and its associated gearing, and evaluate common faults, including common lubrication faults, symptoms, causes, and actions to be taken with such faults |
| f | understanding of how combustion occurs in a boiler, and related safety procedures, including the importance of purging a boiler and other safety precautions taken when firing a boiler |
| g | principles of boiler operation in normal and emergency situations |
| h | typical feed systems for marine boilers, including all components normally found in such systems |
| i | typical condensate systems for marine boilers, including all components normally found in such systems |
| j | feedwater testing and treatment methods |
| k | a basic understanding of the various fittings mounted on boilers, including: |
| | i | the common operating routines of local water level indicators, including methods of blowing a gauge glass, clearing blockages, and overhaul of these devices, including: safety valves, feed check valves, blow down and such valves, etc. |
| | ii | the effects of blockages in the water, steam and drain cocks of water level indicators |
| j | how a boiler is flashed up from cold and put in line |
| k | the purpose of all alarms and shut downs incorporated in a marine boiler on a steam vessel |
| l | typical configurations of, and operating principles applying to, the various steam distribution systems found on board a steam vessel |
| m | the checks which should be made regularly during routine boiler and steam turbine operation and associated auxiliary machines |
9 | The nature and causes of typical malfunctions and/or poor performance steam propulsion plant and associated systems and the available methods for their detection and rectification |
10 | Types of operational and performance evaluation records that must be maintained on a vessel to meet the requirements of the company, survey requirements and regulatory authorities |
11 | Maritime communication techniques needed during the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems |
12 | Procedures for the reading and interpretation of readings and indications of the performance of steam propulsion plant and associated systems |
13 | Typical vessel and machinery specifications, machinery design drawings, operational manuals, specifications and electrical and control circuit diagrams |
14 | Purpose and content of material safety data sheets |
15 | Basic principles of auxiliary marine diesel engines to a level suitable for a watchkeeper engineer on a steam vessel, including: |
| a | typical starting air and systems of auxiliary diesel engines, including all components normally found therein: |
| | i | starting methods of marine diesel engines |
| | ii | requirements for diesel engines for propulsion, power generation, and emergency use |
| | iii | methods of safety arrangements |
| | iv | common faults and appropriate action to be taken with starting systems |
| b | typical diesel engine lubrication systems, including: |
| | i | all components normally found therein |
| | ii | normal operational pressures and temperatures which should be expected |
| | iii | methods of lubricating the principal components of a marine diesel engine, with its associated gearing and/or chain drives, including common lubrication faults, symptoms, causes, and actions to be taken with such faults |
| c | the operating principles and adjustments of diesel engine fuel injection equipment, including common service faults, symptoms, and causes of diesel fuel injection problems, and appropriate actions to be taken |
| d | means of pressure charging diesel engines, including common service faults and appropriate actions to be taken and emergency operation and isolation procedures |
| e | different methods of cooling marine diesel engines, including common requirements of cooling |
| f | common faults and appropriate action to be taken with cooling of diesel engines |
| g | the causes of crankcase and air-line explosions and uptake fires |
16 | Theory and preventative strategies for uptake, starting air-line, superheater, economiser and air heater fires and furnace explosions on a steam vessel, including: |
| a | plans for hazard reduction |
| b | procedures for extinguishing fires |
| c | regaining of control after fires or explosions |
17 | Relevant safety, environmental and hazard control legislation, precautions and procedures relevant to the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems |
18 | Typical operating precautions for steam propulsion plant and associated systems to ensure operational performance is in compliance with the bridge orders, technical specifications, survey requirements and established safety and anti-pollution rules and regulations. |
19 | Hazards and problems that can occur during the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems and appropriate preventative and remedial action and solutions |
20 | Basic thermodynamics as it relates to the responsibilities of an officer on the engineering watch, including: |
| a | basic thermodynamic properties of common working fluids. |
| b | methods of heat transfer and related problems |
| c | principles of heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation and their application to marine systems |
| d | elementary principles of steam plants |
| e | saturated dry and wet steam, dryness fraction, superheated steam, enthalpy, steam tables, evaporation |
| f | basic steam plant cycles and the function of each component |
| g | the combustion process and the calorific value of fuels |
| h | air/fuel ratio and the significance of excess air on combustion |
| i | the operating cycle of single stage reciprocating air-conditioners |
| j | meaning of gauge and absolute pressure |
| k | temperature and temperature scales |
| l | SI units and common thermodynamic terms and principles. |
21 | Compression and expansion of gases, including gas laws, Boyle's Law, Charles Law, characteristic gas equation, gas constant, isothermal, adiabatic and polytropic processes, and specific heat capacity |
22 | Basic principles of mechanics as they relate to machine operation, including: |
| a | statics, force as a vector, triangle and polygon of forces, the principle of moments, application to simply supported beams and cranked levers, moments of force, couples, centroids and centres of gravity limited to geometrical shapes, resultant and equilibrant of a system of concurrent coplanar forces |
| b | laws of friction for dry surfaces, coefficient of friction (horizontal plane only), lubrication of bearings and plain surfaces |
| c | linear displacement, time speed, velocity and acceleration. angular motion |
| d | problems with constant force or force with linear variation, torque, work, energy, power, conservation of energy, potential and kinematic energy, Newton's laws of motion, momentum, rate of change of momentum, centrifugal force |
| e | simple lifting machines, graphs of load-effort and load-efficiency, linear law, velocity ratio, mechanical advantage and efficiency of the following machines: wheel and axle, differential pulley blocks, screw jack, Warwick screw, hydraulic jack, worm driven chain blocks and single and double purchase crab winches, reduction gearing |
| f | direct stress and strain, Hooke's law, modulus of elasticity, elastic limit, ultimate tensile strength, yield stress, limit of proportionality, safety factor, shear stress |
| g | circumferential and longitudinal stress in thin cylindrical and spherical shells subject to internal pressure |
23 | Basic principles of naval architecture, including: |
| a | elementary principles of transverse stability |
| b | shift of centre of gravity due to addition, removal, or transfer of masses |
| c | qualitative treatment of free surface effect, water accumulation and their effect on stability |
| d | structural strength |
| e | variation of fluid pressure with depth |
| f | loading due to head of liquid |
| g | types of vessels and vessel construction, common terms used in the measurement of steel vessels and definitions of shipbuilding terms in general use |
| h | precautions necessary before entering empty oil fuel or ballast tanks |
REQUIRED SKILLS |
This describes the basic skills required for this unit. |
1 | Communicate effectively with other personnel when operating steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |
2 | Communicate with multilingual crew where applicable using established techniques |
3 | Interpret and follow procedures for the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |
4 | Read and interpret equipment performance readings and instrumentation |
5 | Interpret and follow all safety management procedures and precautions when operating steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |
6 | Read and interpret material safety data sheets |
7 | Read and interpret vessel and machinery specifications, machinery design drawings, machine drawings, operational manuals, specifications and electrical and control circuit diagrams |
8 | Work collaboratively with other shipboard personnel when operating steam propulsion plant and systems |
9 | Identify problems that can occur during the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |
10 | Carry out calculations required when operating steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |
11 | Adapt to differing types of steam propulsion plant and associated systems from one vessel to another and when equipment and systems are changed |
12 | Take appropriate precautions to prevent pollution of the marine environment |
13 | Select and use tools and equipment required for the operation of steam propulsion plant and associated systems on a steam vessel |