8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of designing public lighting systems. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TDS38A Design power system public lighting systems Evidence shall show an understanding of the designing of power system public lighting systems to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Mathematics techniques encompassing: Calculations involving fractions, decimals, ratios, proportions Calculations involving area, volume, mass and density Calculations involving transposition and substitution of formulae Calculations involving simple trigonometric problems. T2 Engineering mechanics encompassing: Identification of basic concepts, principles and applications - application of velocity, acceleration, force, density, torque, and pressure Applications of the SI units The relationship between work, power and energy Behaviour of object under force - using a block and tackle under load, concept of mechanical advantage, determination of resultant forces and determining the sag in a catenary conductor and the force applied at each end Fundamentals of the basic laws of fluid mechanics. T3 Materials properties encompassing: Identification and classification of engineering materials material properties Types and applications - properties of tensile strength, effects of temperature on the expansion of metals, ductility, malleability, work hardening and annealing and the conditions that lead to corrosion and the properties of timbers. T4 Evidence shall show an understanding of transmission, distribution and rail systems encompassing: Relationship between the transmission, distribution and rail/tram system within an overall power system - different organisations responsible for generation, transmission, distribution and rail/tram and, how they correlate and their functions Characteristics of a transmission, a distribution and a rail system - principal components, typical voltage levels and methods of transmission and distribution including grid type transmission systems, radial, parallel and ring main feeders Relationship between an overhead and underground supply systems within an overall power system - advantages/disadvantages, applications and the basic steps for planning and installing an overhead and underground distribution system Single line drawings and layouts - drawings and layouts of transmission and distribution systems including, radial, parallel and ring main feeders and the HV equipment associated with substations T5 Procedures for installation and maintenance on public lighting structures and associated equipment encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations, local government and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the installation and maintenance of public lighting systems and associated equipment Safety precautions specific to working on street lighting encompassing: safe working practices and procedures, safe clearances from LV and HV mains, working at heights, working in confined spaces, permit to work systems and isolation procedures and emergency response and rescue including First Aid etc Basic public lighting principles - electromagnetic spectrum, principles of colour, behaviour of light, factors that affect illumination Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - street lighting circuits and earthing system Types of tools and equipment used for installation and maintenance Types and function of lanterns/Luminaires/lamps, control equipment, poles and associated hardware used for street lighting - HP mercury vapour, LP and HP sodium vapour, fluorescent, quartz-halogen, wood, concrete, steel, composite, choke boxes, photo-electric cells, time switches, contactor boxes Types of lighting systems - overhead and underground street lighting systems and controlling and switching of lighting systems Techniques for the installation of street lighting systems Techniques for the maintenance of street lighting systems - diagnosing of faults, removing, repairing, replacement and cleaning of public lighting and associated hardware Application of specific testing equipment - voltage detectors, insulation resistance testers, clamp-on ammeters, continuity testers, fault indictors Techniques for the inspection, testing and commissioning of street lighting systems T6 Principles of Statutory and safety considerations encompassing: Commonwealth/State/Territory legislation, standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with working on High Voltage Particular reference to State and Territory regulations regarding: working near energised conductors, electrical access, heights, confined space, testing procedures and Licensing rules T7 Principles to light design layout to an extent indicated by the following aspects: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to the light design principles Requirements for the use of street lighting system construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings and for plans such as work method statements for the control of OHS risks Types of tariffs and charges Types of street lighting components - column types, foundations, brackets, luminaries and mounting heights Types of electrical street lighting circuits - types of supply, lighting circuit and control circuit Fundamentals of lighting production - electromagnetic spectrum, visible and non-visible radiation, spectral energy distribution, infra-red, ultra-violet, radiation-safety, incandescence and phosphorescence and reflection and refraction Fundamentals of lighting concepts - terms and units and the purpose of reflectors and diffusers Factors affecting external lighting design Calculation of light output Determining illuminance - point to point and Lumen method Determining rated life of luminaries Fundamentals of street lighting design Considerations for special lighting situations - security lighting, hazardous street locations, and emergency lighting T8 Principles to layout and draft a street lighting system encompassing: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to street lighting system layouts and drafts Requirements for the use of street lighting system construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings and for plans such as work method statements for the control of OHS risks Methods in determining material, equipment and tool lists - components types and quantity required, spacing of components such as equipment, poles, cross-arms, costings of items and components. Purchasing and contractual arrangements to include a requirement to eliminate OHS hazards minimise risks and provide residual OHS risk information Determination of conductor size, type and route length Determination of street lighting positions for optimum visibility and minimise traffic hazards Techniques in mounting and position of lights Resources needed for the installation of street lighting system Methods of pegging out of pole positions and/or underground cable positions Minimum clearances between overhead conductors and low LV/and HV structures Estimation of the duration of overhead distribution extension project |