8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of designing underground transmission systems. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TDS58A Underground transmission systems Evidence shall show an understanding of designing underground transmission systems to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Generation systems encompassing: Methods of generating electricity - types of power stations and reasons for their location, layout of thermal and hydroelectric power stations Relationship between power control and load requirements - operating speeds for thermal and hydroelectric generating sets, typical generator voltage levels and output ratings The purpose and features of typical types of co-generation systems T2 Transmission structures and hardware encompassing: Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types of structures Types and function of associated hardware/equipment and insulators Types of conductors Location of transmissions structures Other equipment used on transmission structures, e.g. aircraft warning devices Voltages on transmission structures T3 Procedures for routine maintenance on transmission structures and hardware encompassing: Procedures for gaining access permits Reasons for gaining access Types of maintenance procedures on transmission structures - procedure to follow for inspection/patrols according to the Transmission Supply Authority Erecting and removing of transmission equipment and hardware from a tower - climbing procedures, square rigging principles, calculation of forces at work within a given square rigging system and construction of a square rigging system Procedures for changing insulators - vertical angle suspension, strain insulator, post insulator (horizontal or vertical) and bridge insulator, calculation of conductor forces Installation of temporary work platforms - types and function of installation tools and equipment, precautions and work methods to follow and procedures for installations of temporary work platforms Installation of conductor protective hardware - types and selection of common dampers, tools and equipment, control of Aeolian vibration and procedures for the installation of dampers onto conductors Dead line insulator washing - supply Authority regulations and procedure for washing de-energised transmission lines T4 Procedures for installation and maintenance on transmission lines, structures and hardware encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the installation and maintenance of transmission lines and associated equipment Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - minimum construction clearances for transmission lines and sag/tension requirements Construction types and structures used in transmission lines Types, sizes and characteristics of transmission conductors - aluminium conductors steel reinforced and earthing conductors Types, sizes and characteristics of transmission conductors - aluminium conductors steel reinforced and earthing conductors Types of electrical connections used to connect transmission conductors - compression termination and bolted termination Causes and effects of poor electrical connections Types and application of specialised tools, equipment and hardware for the stringing of transmission conductors Techniques for stringing, tensioning and terminating transmission conductors Techniques for installation of associated hardware used on transmission towers Techniques for maintenance of damage transmission conductors - repair and replacement T5 High voltage switching principles encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to switching of high voltage to a given schedule Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - types, characteristics and capabilities of electrical apparatus, use, characteristics and capabilities of specialised tools and testing equipment and network interconnectors source of possible backfeed Role of the HV switching operator Operational forms, access authorities and permits associated with HV switching - types of operational forms, access authorities and permits and the purpose and procedure for operational forms, access authorities and permits Use and operation of equipment associated with HV overhead and substation equipment - test instruments, sticks, interrupters and arc stranglers Types and categories of HV switchgear Application, function and operating capabilities of switchgear Restrictions pertaining to HV switching equipment Procedures for the isolation of HV transmission main and working earths Earthing HV electrical apparatus practices and procedures for access - purposes of “Operational” and additional work part “on-site” earths, factors determining the location and effectiveness of “Operational” earthing, acceptable industry procedures and personal protective equipment High voltage switching techniques Operate switching apparatus - identifying hazards, assessing and controlling risks associated with HV switchgear operation, systematic and defensive techniques, mobile radio procedures and double isolation procedures T6 Feeder automation system encompassing: Function of feeder automation system and the main components Operation procedure for a remote field device from a local control station Functions of “System Control and Date Acquisition” (SCADA) (or any other relevant Data Acquisition and Control) systems and its main components SCADA system security interlocks and access restrictions SCADA system operation when switching apparatus or retrieving data via a remote access device such as; Remote Access Terminal (RAT), Dial Up Voice Annunciated System and Local Control Station Function of the main components of a local/remote control system Operation of a field devices using SCADA systems via a Remote Access Terminal (RAT), Dial Up Annunciated System and Local Control Station T7 Layout principles for underground mains distribution extension encompassing: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to underground mains distribution extension Requirements for the use of underground mains construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings and for plans such as work method statements for the control of OHS risks Methods in determining material, equipment and tool lists - components types and quantity required, spacing of components and equipment, costings of items and components. Purchasing and contractual arrangements to include a requirement to eliminate OHS hazards, minimise risks and provide residual OHS risk information Determination of conductor size, type and route length Resources needed for the laying of conductors Determining the appropriate excavation for the location Determining the size and depth of excavation Determining the trench and pit layout procedures Minimum clearances between conductors Estimation of the duration of underground distribution extension project T8 Effects of harmonics to an extent indicated by the following aspects: Characteristics and effects of harmonics on protection device functions/malfunction Effects of harmonics on the following: transformers, generators, motors and quality of supply T9 HV system load calculation principles encompassing: Structure of HV systems Ratings of HV system components Relationship to HV customers Methods of determining load on HV systems Records of load on HV systems Effect of added load on HV feeders - variation of current, voltage, power, reactive power and power factor Load flows in parallel or loop operation Enterprise specific network coordination tools T10 EHV system load calculation principles encompassing: Structure of EHV transmission systems Ratings of EHV system components Relationship to EHV customers Relationship to generation sources Methods of determining load on EHV systems Records of load on EHV systems Effect of added load on EHV transmission systems - variation of current, voltage, power, reactive power and power factor Load flows in parallel or loop operation Enterprise specific network coordination tools |