8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of controlling generating plant. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TSO34A Power systems generating plant control Evidence shall show an understanding of power systems generating plant control to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Enterprise specific procedures and work practices relating to generating plant encompassing: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to the procedures and work practices relating to generating plant Requirements for the use of operational manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Identify and interpret enterprise operating procedures Techniques in the applying enterprise operating procedures. T2 Voltage control techniques encompassing: Conditions leading to voltage collapse Effects on system of high and low voltage Voltage control devices - voltage regulators applied to generators and synchronous phase modifiers, electromagnetic voltage regulators, series and parallel capacitors, OLTC transformers and static VAR compensators (SVC’s). SVC’s includes saturated reactor compensators; thyristor controlled reactor compensators and combined systems Production of harmonics and methods of harmonic control Location of voltage control devices within the system. T3 Power flow control encompassing: Use of system components to control power flow patterns - base load, spinning reserve, regulating machines, rapid start plant, phase shifting transformers and load shedding Principles of automated control Synchronising power Relationship of power and frequency Machine stabilisation techniques System oscillations and stability - damped and undamped oscillation, relationship of fault clearance times and system stability, critical clearance times. T4 Alternators operation and control encompassing: Constructional features of alternators - weights, lengths, lengths, cooling mediums, cooling systems, prime mover types, prime mover attachment, types of windings, core arrangements Principle of operation - induction machines, synchronous machines Modes of operation - island and infinite bus operation, running up of prime movers, loading the alternator, requirements for synchronising, methods of synchronising Use of reactive capability diagram - related diagram types, current circle diagram, performance chart, capability diagram, values represented, per unit representation, limits representation and meaning Automatic voltage regulators - need for voltage control, required attributes of an AVR, range, response time, constraints on AVR capability, desirable attributes of an AVR, power consumption, compensation, rotor stabilisation, automatic changeover systems, input and output requirements and components Operation on an infinite bus - definition of infinite bus, power/angle dependence, reactive flow/voltage dependence, power/angle diagram, effect of saliency, transient conditions, practical and theoretical stability limits, voltage dependence of stability, control of reactive flow using AVR and generator transformer tap changer. T5 Prime mover principles encompassing: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, supply authority regulations, Standards, codes, and or enterprise requirements applicable to the prime movers Requirements for the use of operational manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types, characterizes and applications of energy sources and conversion systems – wind, steam turbine, gas turbine, diesel. |