8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of testing, repairing and calibrating protection relays and meters. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TTS28A Power systems protection relays and meters Evidence shall show an understanding of power systems protection relays and meters to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Procedures for the location and rectification of faults in electrical equipment up to 1000 volts AC and or 1500 volts DC, encompassing: Relationship of Occupational Health and Safety to the location and rectification of faults in electrical equipment - Act and regulations, identification of personal safety, workplace hazards, working with electrically operated tools and equipment, emergency First Aid/resuscitation, rescue from a live electrical situation, enterprise policies and procedures. Types of drawings - differentiation between symptoms, faults and causes in malfunctioning equipment, fault-finding techniques and procedures Fundamental electrical concepts - effects of current, practical resistors, sources of EMF, series, parallel and series-parallel circuits, electrical measurement, capacitors, inductors, magnetism. Fundamentals of general appliances - basic principles of appliances (non mathematical), appliance identification, appliance ratings, basic principles of operation of control equipment and protection devices, fault conditions and symptoms, safe isolation procedures, test equipment, safe testing procedures, including continuity, fault types in appliances, fault-finding procedures (prescriptive) Fundamentals of single phase induction motors - basic principles of operation (non mathematical), motor identification, motor ratings, basic principles of operation of control equipment and protection devices, fault conditions and symptoms, safe isolation procedures, test equipment, safe testing procedure, including continuity, fault types in “phase splitting” and universal type motors, fault-finding procedures (prescriptive). Fundamentals of three phase induction motors - basic principles of operation (non mathematical), motor identification, motor ratings, motor starter principles, basic principles of operation of control equipment and protection devices, fault conditions and symptoms, safe isolation procedures, safe testing procedure, fault-finding procedures (prescriptive) Fundamentals of single and three phase electrical heaters - basic principles of operation, types of electrical heaters, electrical heater identification, electrical heater ratings, basic principles of operation of control and protection devices, fault conditions and symptoms, safe testing procedure, fault-finding procedures (prescriptive). T2 Detailed operation of metering devices and principles encompassing: Common circuit configurations Meters and measurement principles Instrument transformer application Testing of metering systems and devices Implications of market operation. T3 Detailed operation of fundamental test equipment encompassing: Care and safe use Operating principles Comparison of different operating principle meters used for the same purpose Accuracy and loading effects of meters - measurement of voltage, current, power, resistance, insulation resistance, impedance and phase sequence and the use of oscilloscopes. T4 Detailed operation of protection test equipment encompassing: Care and safe use Operating principles Comparison of different operating principle meters used for the same purpose Accuracy and loading effects of meters - measurement of timing, voltage, current, resistance, inductance, capacitance, impedance, frequency, phase angle, phase difference and the use of primary, secondary and gas injection equipment. T5 Protection schemes encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to protection schemes Types of protection schemes - reasons for use, application of protection zones around system elements, degree of protection Types of feeder protection equipment - over current protection inverse time-current operating characteristics Operation of over current protection equipment used on distribution systems Operation of ACRs and their time-current characteristics Types and characteristics of over-current relays Coordination methods of a distribution feeder protection scheme Earth fault protection used on a distribution feeder Operation of a single wire earth return (S.W.E.R) system. |