8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of installing and maintaining power system communication equipment. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TTS34A Power systems communication equipment Evidence shall show an understanding of power systems communication equipment to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Generation systems encompassing: Methods of generating electricity - types of power stations and reasons for their location, layout of thermal and hydroelectric power stations Relationship between power control and load requirements - operating speeds for thermal and hydroelectric generating sets, typical generator voltage levels and output ratings The purpose and features of typical types of co-generation systems. T2 Transmission, distribution and rail systems encompassing: Relationship between the transmission, distribution and rail/tram system within an overall power system - different organisations responsible for generation, transmission, distribution and rail/tram and, how they correlate and their functions Characteristics of a transmission, a distribution and a rail system - principal components, typical voltage levels and methods of transmission and distribution including grid type transmission systems, radial, parallel and ring main feeders Relationship between an overhead and underground supply systems within an overall power system - advantages/disadvantages, applications and the basic steps for planning and installing an overhead and underground distribution system Single line drawings and layouts - drawings and layouts of transmission and distribution systems including, radial, parallel and ring main feeders and the HV equipment associated with substations T3 Substations, power transformers and reactors encompassing: Relationship between the substations within an overall power system - purpose, location in relation to load centres, layout of HV equipment within the substation and auxiliary equipment Characteristics of a power transformer - basic construction of distribution transformers, operation under load/no load conditions, types and basic operation of tap changing switches including solid state types, efficiency and cooling Auxiliary equipment used on transformers - function and basic operation of equipment Maintenance of a power transformer - basic connections, restrictions to parallel operation, problems and remedies associated with harmonics, testing and fault finding procedures Description, purpose and characteristics of a reactors T4 Co-ordinating access authority procedures encompassing: Specific enterprise processes, policies and procedures to be followed Processes of consultation, negotiation and co-ordination - clear and concise instructions and information, methods for the encouragement of feedback and contributions of information and ideas, responsibilities of members of the team. Techniques in analysing, planning, co-ordination and organising work for a safe outcome and according to statutory requirements and regulations Techniques in the effective utilisation of available resources Techniques in the development of an access authority/permit and/or access authority/permit issuing procedures Techniques in facilitating and co-ordinating the delivery and issuing of access authorities Techniques in gathering, collating and confirming data on different worksites - electrical network diagrams for the specific work site, earth access authorities, safe working area, work to be carried out in confined space or in hazardous environment, specific outsourcing procedures, specific hazard identification, risk classification and management procedures, regulatory requirements such as Occupational Health and Safety and electrical safety Techniques in the receiving and co-ordinating the cancellation of access authorities in readiness for restoration Methods of conducting audits on correct access authority procedures Process of issuing of other access authorities for work permits - working in confined space, if required, co-ordination of access authorities, engaging and briefing contractors on electrical and other work Issue and receipt of operating agreements. T5 Principles of Statutory and safety considerations encompassing: Commonwealth/State/Territory legislation, standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with working on High Voltage Particular reference to State and Territory regulations regarding - working near energised conductors, electrical access, heights, confined space, testing procedures, licensing rules. T6 HV system switching principles including switching authorisation procedures to an extent indicated by the following aspects: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to system switching Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types and characteristics of HV systems and equipment to be switched Procedures for obtaining correct HV switching authorisation - identification of OHS hazards, assessing and controlling risks, Safety procedures and precautions, safe approach distances responsibilities and protocols, identifying switching resources, procedures for obtaining electrical access permits authorities, Requirements for team switching, procedures for coordination of operations. Techniques in HV system switching - pre-switching checks, switching operational procedures, isolation procedures and proving dead de-energised, earthing procedures, switching operational procedures, emergency fault procedures, energisation procedures T7 LV system switching principles including switching authorisation procedures encompassing: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to system switching Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types and characteristics of LV systems and equipment to be switched Procedures for obtaining correct LV switching authorization - identification of OHS hazards, assessing and controlling risks, safety procedures and precautions, safe approach distances, responsibilities and protocols, identifying switching resources, procedures for obtaining electrical access permits authorities, requirements for team switching, procedures for coordination of operations. Techniques in LV system switching - isolation procedures and proving dead, earthing procedures, pre-switching checks, switching operational procedures, emergency fault procedures, energisation procedures. T8 Enterprise Specific Equipment Installation Procedures encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to equipment installation Requirements for the use of manuals, substation diagrams/plans and drawings Types, characteristics and capabilities of HV substation equipment to be installed Identification of components within the equipment to be Installed and associated control housings Use, characteristics and capabilities of specialised tools and equipment Enterprise Specific Policies and Procedures for equipment to be installed Control equipment and auxiliary relays, flags and alarms Techniques in evaluating serviceability of equipment to be Installed Safety precautions when testing and measuring equipment to be Installed - safe working practices and procedures, identification of hazards, assessment and control of OHS risks, types, selection, maintenance and use of personal protective equipment, responsibilities and protocols, safe working clearances Remote and local operating principles and conventions T9 Detailed operation of communication devices and principles encompassing: Types of communication systems Interface to power system equipment Hardware configurations Testing of communication links T10 Procedure for the systematic fault isolation through the application of diagnostic techniques encompassing: Principles of analytical questioning Techniques in drawing valid conclusions from first observations Concepts of broad first-line testing Consideration of/responsibility for, avoidance of further damage Interpretation of specific test results: cause/effect Techniques for isolation to appropriate level - half-split, module/function isolation (kernel technique), substitution, diagnostic software, requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans, drawings, handbooks, specifications and fault pathways. Software/firmware functions awareness Factors affecting field versus workshop repair costs Scheduling minor/major repair activities, downtime Implications of temporary repairs Use of system knowledge and history Data interpretation, expected versus actual Feedback to design/production/installation processes Subsystems and system structures System signals/status indicators Known failure modes and trends Action threshold warnings versus catastrophic failure Component ratings/upgrades Disassembly/reassembly techniques and care Relative costs of repair and replacement - remaining life, ongoing maintenance, additional benefits of replacement equipment, e.g. improved productivity, quality T11 Protection schemes encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to protection schemes Types of protection schemes - reasons for use, application of protection zones around system elements, degree of protection Types of feeder protection equipment - over current protection inverse time-current operating characteristics Operation of over current protection equipment used on distribution systems Operation of ACRs and their time-current characteristics Types and characteristics of over-current relays Coordination methods of a distribution feeder protection scheme Earth fault protection used on a distribution feeder Operation of a single wire earth return (S.W.E.R) system T12 EHV generator control systems encompassing: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the operation of a portable generator Safety precautions specific to the synchronisation of generator sets - safe working policies, practices and procedures, synchronising procedures Techniques in the installation of generator sets control systems - the synchronising of generator control systems onto and off the network without interruption to supply, estimation of EHV load, assessing the appropriateness of the generator Operating a generator in parallel to a single EHV job - overhead systems, indoor systems, customer installations, kiosk substations EHV generator set and control system to EHV Distribution assets. |