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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Prepare facilities, equipment and personnel
  2. Prepare animals for anaesthesia and surgery for scientific purposes
  3. Induce, maintain and monitor anaesthesia in animals
  4. Identify and handle a range of body structures, tissues and organs
  5. Perform basic surgery on animals
  6. Provide post-anaesthetic and post-operative care for animals
  7. Maintain facilities and equipment

Required Skills

Required skills

calculate dosage and administer drugs including anaesthetic and monitor response in accordance with project protocols and workplace standards

check animals physical conditions and vital signs and monitor for signs of progress or deterioration in condition or health of animals pre during and postsurgery

comply with animal welfare and ethical standards in the humane handling of animals administration of treatments collection of samples and documenting of activities

identify and locate animal structures tissues and organs relevant to performance and monitoring of basic surgical procedures and induction of anaesthesia

maintain the highest standards of hygiene and infection at all times to reduce the risk of infection and crossinfection

measure interpret and record animal weight and other relevant data required in the procedures associated with the administration of anaesthesia and related medications

interpret and apply relevant legislation regulations codes of conduct AEC procedures and standard operating procedures

prepare and maintain appropriate records including animal care and ethics register using relevant institutional electronic andor manual systems

use chemicals and cleaning agents in accordance with state or territory legislation and organisational policies and procedures

use equipment and materials correctly and in accordance with manufacturers specifications

literacy skills to read interpret and apply facility policies and procedures including OHS infection control containment and exclusion and waste management follow sequenced written instructions record accurately and legibly information collected and select and apply procedures to a range of defined tasks

oral communication skillslanguage to fulfil the job role as specified by the organisation including questioning active listening asking for clarification and consulting with or seeking advice from research group team members senior or more experienced staff or other relevant persons

numeracy skills to estimate calculate and record routine and more complex workplace measures

interpersonal skills to work with others and relate to people from a range of cultural social and religious backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities

problemsolving skills to use available information and resources and prioritise daily tasks

use personal protective clothing and equipment correctly

use safe manual handling techniques andor equipment

use safe waste handling and disposal procedures

verify dose rates and identify precautions in application or administration of anaesthetic and other medications

Required knowledge

anatomical and physiological terminology and glossary of terms and nomenclature related to the species being examined

anatomical structures tissues and organs relevant to basic surgical procedures and the induction and monitoring of animals under anaesthetic

aseptic techniques

biosecurity issues for animals and humans relating to conducting surgical procedures

characteristics of healthy sick or distressed animals including indicators of normal and undesirable responses to anaesthetic and related medications

communication procedures and systems and technology relevant to the organisation and the individuals work responsibilities

methods and equipment used to monitor animals during anaesthesia and surgical procedures

information that should be documented regarding the administration of anaesthetic and related substances and application of surgical procedures

methods used to measure interpret and record objective measure of animal health

physiological features of animals related to the application of anaesthesia and related medications and the response to surgical procedures

principles of animal welfare and ethics

principles of managing an anaesthetic overdose

relevant codes of practice including the Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes

relevant state or territory legislation and regulations relating to the practice of veterinary science OHS waste disposal animal welfare and research

relevant state or territory legislation covering the use of therapeutic and controlled substances

surgical procedures and techniques used in animal technology facilities

safe animal handling techniques including approved handling methods during the administration of substances and surgical procedures

terminology used to describe anaesthetic processes equipment materials and physiological responses

types of information that has to be reported and recorded in relation to anaesthesia and surgical procedures

workplace hygiene standards disinfectants cleaning agents cleaning techniques and cleaning equipment and materials

Evidence Required

The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to workplace operations and satisfy all of the requirements of the performance criteria required skills and knowledge and the range statement of this unit Assessors should ensure that candidates can

prepare facilities personnel and equipment including anaesthetic equipment anaesthetic agents and surgical instruments and equipment

prepare animal and carry out preanaesthetic and preoperative evaluation

comply with institutional protocols policies and procedures AEC and relevant legislative requirements

induce monitor and maintain an animal in anaesthesia

perform aseptic and basic surgical procedures

recognise and respond to emergencies during and after anaesthesia and surgery

provide postanaesthetic and postoperative care

maintain appropriate and accurate records

The skills and knowledge required to administer anaesthesia and perform surgery on animals for scientific purposes must be transferable to a range of work environments and contexts and include the ability to deal with unplanned events

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment of this unit is to be practical in nature and will be most appropriately be assessed in an animal research facility or an environment that reproduces normal work conditions that has a scientific establishment licence and access to an approved AEC

There must also be access to the relevant information materials and documentation to enable one to demonstrate competence This would include access to research animals anaesthetic equipment anaesthetic agents surgical instruments and equipment as required for the anaesthetic and surgical procedures

Method of assessment

To ensure consistency in ones performance competency should be demonstrated to industry defined standards on more than two occasions over a period of time in order to cover a variety of circumstances and over a number of assessment activities

The assessment strategy must include practical skills assessment Suggested strategies for this unit are

written andor oral assessment of candidates required knowledge

observed documented and firsthand testimonial evidence of candidates application of practical tasks

simulation exercises that reproduce normal work conditions

case study analysis

thirdparty evidence

workplace documentation

portfolio

This unit may be assessed in a holistic way with other units of competency relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role

Guidance information for assessment

Assessment methods should reflect workplace demands eg literacy and numeracy demands and the needs of particular target groups eg people with disabilities Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people women people with a language background other than English youth and people from low socioeconomic backgrounds


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Anaesthesia refers to:

the use of a drug administered for medical or surgical purposes that induces total loss of sensation.

Anaesthetic agents, equipment and supplies may include:

anaesthesia agents:

isoflurane

ketamine

ketamine combination anaesthesia

methoxyflurane

anaesthetic equipment and supplies:

anaesthetic machines and trolleys

filters

gas cylinders

incubators

masks

re-breathing bags

soda lime and canisters

scavenging systems

tubes

vaporisers

relevant state or territory drugs and poisons legislation must be complied with.

Surgical instruments and equipment may include:

forceps

needles

needle holders

resection clamps

scalpels

scissors

sutures.

Maintaining an aseptic environment includes:

positive pressure airflow

sterile drapes, gloves, gowns and equipment

swabs of betadine or alcohol.

OHS risks associated with animal technician procedures include:

animal bites, kicks, scratches or crush injuries

biological hazardous waste and sharps disposal

handling of chemicals and medicines

gas leakage

inhalation of aerosol particles

intraocular contamination

manual handling, including carrying, lifting and shifting

needle pricks and cuts from other sharps

release of infective agents (animal and human)

scalds and burns from sterilising and cleaning equipment

zoonoses.

Relative legislative requirements include:

Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes

related state or territory legislation for:

animal welfare

protection of cruelty to animals

animal protection

animal research

relevant state or territory drugs and poisons legislation.

Subject to research requirements animals may include:

on most occasions the animal species will be common laboratory animals:

guinea pigs

mice

rabbits

rats

on some occasions animal species may include:

amphibians, fish and reptiles

dogs and cats

fish

invertebrates

livestock (e.g. sheep, cattle and pigs)

native wildlife (e.g. marsupials and birds)

primates

poultry.

Preparing an animal may include:

applying restraining devices:

halters or hobbles

head collars

muzzles

rearing bits

aseptic preparation of injection sites

clipping

preoperative skin preparation routines

further preparation may extend to:

administration of necessary premedication

intubation and the insertion of intravenous or urinary catheters

preparation of equipment and materials for intravenous infusions.

Pre-anaesthetic and pre-operative medication may include:

the use of:

analgesics

antibiotics

sedatives

tranquillisers.

Pre-anaesthetic and pre-operative evaluations may include:

animal health checks:

general health and condition

heart rate

respiration

temperature

weight.

Methods used to induce an animal in anaesthesia may include:

gaseous and injectable preparations:

intermittent positive pressure ventilation.

Possible anaesthetic emergencies may include:

an animal going into:

hypothermia or hyperthermia

respiratory distress

shock.

Basic surgical procedures that may be performed on common laboratory animals include:

embryo insertion

implantation of mini-pumps or catheters

ovarian transfer

vasectomy.

Post-operative anaesthesia procedures may include:

extubation

continued monitoring of vital signs

positioning of patient recumbency in consideration of recovery phase and surgical site

adjustment of intravenous fluid therapy rates.

Post-operative abnormalities that may be encountered include:

abnormalities in wounds and surgical sites:

haemorrhage or other exudation

swelling

self-trauma

other abnormalities:

abnormal distension

cold extremities

delayed recovery

increased heart rate

increased respiratory rate

low body temperature

pale mucous membranes.