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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Determine horse health and emergency care procedures
  2. Relate elements of the equine diet to physiological function
  3. Implement health management programs for horses of all ages
  4. Treat injury and disease
  5. Monitor health management program

Required Skills

Required skills include

Ability to

analyse and solve problems using available information and resources including recording information and prioritising daily tasks

apply interpersonal skills to work with others and relate to people from a range of cultural social and religious backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities

assess vital signs of horses

communicate effectively to fulfil the job role including questioning active listening asking for clarification and consulting with or seeking advice from appropriate persons

comply with relevant state and legislation and regulations including animal welfare and workplace health and safety

employ safe humane and environmentally responsible organisational systems and procedures when working with handling and restraining horses

follow sequenced written instructions record accurately and legibly information collected and select and apply procedures to a range of defined tasks

identify and administer different medications and treatments in accordance with directions

identify common illnesses and injuries in horses

identify elements of a nutritionally balanced diet and relate them to the function of horse body systems general health and behaviour

maintain appropriate records

maintain the highest standards of hygiene and infection control at all times to reduce the risk of infection and crossinfection considering zoonotic and exotic disease possibilities biosecurity

read understand and follow required policies and procedures including workplace health and safety infection control and waste management

recognise normal physical and behavioural signs in horses

use numeracy skills to estimate calculate and record routine and more complex workplace elements

use safe manual handling techniques andor equipment

use safe hygienic and environmentally friendly waste handling and disposal procedures

Required knowledge includes

Knowledge of

anatomical features of the horse and the relationship between anatomy and health issues

anatomical and physiological structures features and functions related to dietary needs and the absorption and metabolism of nutrients

appropriate horse housing

common horse behaviour social traits and vices

common illnesses and injuries in horses

consequences of an unbalanced or deficient diet to horse function health and behaviour

equine dental programs

emergency protocols and quarantine measures

feedstuffs commonly fed to horses and the general principles of a balanced diet for horses

handling techniques for horses

horse health record systems

hoof maintenance programs

methods of restraining horses

parasite programs

principles and practices of infection control

principles of animal welfare

relevant legislation regulations and codes of practice including workplace health and safety animal welfare and ethics veterinary practices waste disposal and notifiable diseases

safe storage and disposal of medications and other remedies

signs and symptoms of communicable diseases

symptoms and indicators of normal and abnormal system function

understanding of the purpose and use of relevant medications and treatments for common diseases and injuries

vaccination programs

workplace hygiene standards biosecurity including disinfectants cleaning agents and techniques cleaning and appropriate disinfection or sterilisation of equipment materials and personal protective equipment PPE

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this Unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competence in this Unit must be relevant to workplace operations and satisfy all of the requirements of the performance criteria required skills and knowledge and the range statement of this Unit Assessors should ensure that candidates can

undertake health management programs for horses

determine emergency care procedures

ensure provision of safe compliant and secure housing arrangements for horses

apply safe horse handling procedures

evaluate the impact of an unbalanced or nutrient deficient diet on horse health and behaviour

follow workplace health and safety and animal welfare requirements

implement infection control procedures

determine horse health problems and treatment options in consultation with veterinarians and professionals as required

administer treatments as directed and monitor horses progress

accurately document and maintain appropriate records

The skills and knowledge required to maintain and monitor horse health and welfare must be transferable to a range of work environments and contexts and include the ability to deal with unplanned events

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment for this Unit is to be practical in nature and will be most appropriately assessed in a an equine industry workplace with access to a variety of horses of different ages and sexes safe horse handling areas and the appropriate materials andor resources to enable one to demonstrate competence

Method of assessment

To ensure consistency of performance competency should be demonstrated to industry defined standards on more than two occasions over a period of time in order to cover a variety of circumstances cases and responsibilities and over a number of assessment activities

The assessment strategy must include practical skills assessment Suggested strategies for this unit are

written andor oral assessment of candidates required knowledge

observed documented and firsthand testimonial evidence of candidates application of practical tasks

simulation exercises that reproduce normal work conditions

thirdparty evidence

workplace documentation

case studies

portfolio

This Unit may be assessed in a holistic way with other Units of competency relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role

Guidance information for assessment

Assessment methods should reflect workplace demands eg literacy and numeracy demands and the needs of particular target groups eg people with disabilities Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people women people with a language background other than English youth and people from low socioeconomic backgrounds


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the Unit of Competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Health care protocols

Health care protocols may include:

advice to other organisations, as required by legislation, regulations and/or enterprise policy

horse management

comprehensive record keeping

routine health checks

equipment and gear cleanliness

handling and monitoring horses

hazard identification

maintaining first aid and treatments stores

notifiable diseases

zoonotic diseases

permissible medication and treatments

quarantine measures

veterinary or specialist advice and assistance

stable and yard cleanliness

risk control measures:

controlling insects and rodents

disinfection and hygiene measures

fire drills

health programs

isolation or quarantine of sick horses

monitoring movement of horses

vaccinations and boosters

waste disposal

staff management:

access to and administration of treatments

communication procedures

emergency drills

literacy and numeracy skills

training.

Emergency care protocols

Situations requiring emergency care may include:

acute illness (eg. colic)

acute lameness including fractures

acute respiratory distress

arterial blood loss

being cast, trapped or entangled in wire fencing or other situations

eye injury

fire

inability to rise or walk

trauma.

Safe horse handling procedures

Safe horse handling procedures may include:

being prepared to say no to handling an uneducated, stressed or difficult horse

establishing a safe working environment

following safe work practices for:

completing inspection tasks

infection control (biosecurity) precautions

horse catching, handling, controlling and restraining methods using safe manual handling procedures

using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

recognising possible symptoms of and risks of zoonotic diseases such as Hendra virus and required reporting procedures

safe horse transport procedures including welfare and adherence to current legislated recommendations.

Health status of individual horses

Health status of individual horses is assessed:

by routine health checks

prior to travelling

upon arrival at new premises

when illness or injury is suspected

Health status may be determined by:

checking for signs of illness, injury, distress, lameness, heat, swelling, soreness

assessing breeding status

checking for quality and quantity of manure and urine

monitoring feed and water intake

monitoring vital signs

observing behaviour.

Infectious diseases

Infectious diseases may include, but are not limited to:

Exotic:

African horse sickness

anthrax

contagious equine metritis

dourine

epizootic lymphangitis

equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern, Western, Venezuelan)

equine influenza

glanders

Japanese encephalitis

Endemic:

equine herpes virus

hendra virus

salmonellosis

strangles

Indicators of infectious disease may include:

blisters, ulceration or erosions

dead horses

nervousness or other behaviour changes

profuse, bloody diarrhoea

rapid spread of signs and symptoms throughout stable

recent overseas contact

unexplained lethargy, listlessness or depression

unusually high numbers of sick horses

severe hacking cough.

Nutrient elements

Nutrient elements may include:

glucose

carbohydrates

fat

fibre

protein

vitamins and minerals

electrolytes

water.

Structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system will include:

mouth and teeth

salivary ducts and glands

stomach

small and large intestine

hepatic structures.

Impact of an unbalanced or deficient diet

Impact of an unbalanced or deficient diet may include:

health problems related to feeding:

orthopaedic problems including laminitis

gastrointestinal problems

developing a dull or rough coat

exertional rhabdomyolosis (typing up)

parasite burdens

poor appetite/eating (anorexia versus dysphagia)

predisposition to infectious conditions

vitamin and mineral deficiencies

behaviour problems including wood chewing, crib biting and coprophagy

condition of horse:

losing or gaining weight

muscle wasting/atrophy.

Health records

Health records should include:

dates and times of:

arrival at stables

assessing vital signs

illness or injury

treatments and vaccinations

features of horse identification

name of horse

name of person administering treatment

prescribed treatments administered

treatment instructions

vital signs at rest.

Health care and management

Health care and management may include:

administration of treatments

communication procedures when horses are treated

disease prevention and control

programmes for vaccination, worming and hoof and dental care

emergency care

emergency phone numbers, for example veterinarian or fire department

permissible treatments

procedure for recording treatments

procedure for recording and reporting vital signs

routine health checks

replenishing supplies of first aid kits

system of referral for injury treatment

staff access to first aid treatments and materials.

Common illnesses or injuries

Common illnesses or injuries may include:

illnesses:

circulatory disorders

gastrointestinal disorders

metabolic disorders

musculoskeletal disorders

neurological disorders

respiratory disorders

skin disorders

injuries:

bruises

falls

girth galls

joint injuries

sprained ligaments or tendons

strained muscles

tack rubs

wounds.

Professionals

Professionals may include:

chiropractors

veterinary dentists

farriers

massage therapists.

Veterinary assistance

Need for veterinary assistance may include:

diagnosis and advice on treatment and management of the problem

horse may:

be insured

have to be treated with competition prohibited substances

have to be withdrawn from competition

require prescription medication

require stitching or specialist injury management or treatment

illness may be:

contagious condition

notifiable disease

passed on to humans

illness or injury may be:

life threatening or have consequences to ongoing career of horse

result of neglect or non-compliance with duty of care.

Pharmaceutical and therapeutic treatments

Pharmaceutical treatments may include:

antibiotics and other anti-infective agents

anthelminthics

prescribed medications

inhalants

injectibles

oral medications and pastes

poultices

topical medications

vaccines

Therapeutic treatments may include:

acupuncture

chiropractic

electromagnetic

exercise

hydrotherapy

ice and heat

laser

massage

rest

ultrasound.