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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Admit new arrivals to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
  2. Provide nursing care for recumbent foals
  3. Provide respiratory support and perform emergency ventilation for foals
  4. Assemble crash kit items
  5. Prepare and administer enteral and parenteral nutrition to impaired foals in NICU
  6. Prepare parenteral medications
  7. Implement routine industry standard infection controls in a foal NICU.
  8. Provide routine care for mare in NICU.
  9. Discharge foals from NICU.

Required Skills

Required skills include

Ability to

analyse and solve problems using available information and resources including recording information and prioritising daily tasks

apply interpersonal skills to work with others and relate to people from a range of cultural social and religious backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities

communicate effectively to fulfil the job role including questioning active listening asking for clarification and consulting with or seeking advice from appropriate persons

comply with animal welfare legislation animal care guidelines state and territory veterinary surgeons or practitioners legislation and regulations

employ safe humane and environmentally responsible organisational systems and procedures when working with handling and restraining mares and foals

follow sequenced written instructions record accurately and legibly information collected and select and apply procedures to a range of defined tasks

identify hazards and assess risks

measure parameters of health in foals

maintain appropriate records

maintain the highest standards of hygiene and infection control at all times to reduce the risk of infection and crossinfection considering zoonotic and exotic disease possibilities biosecurity

milk mares by hand

monitor and maintain intravenous fluids and plasma andor blood transfusions

operate and maintain indwelling intravenous catheter nasogastric tube and intranasal oxygen

provide nursing care to impaired foals

read understand and follow required policies and procedures including workplace health and safety infection control and waste management

recognise normal physical and behavioural signs in horses

use numeracy skills to estimate calculate and record routine and more complex workplace elements

use safe manual handling techniques andor equipment

use safe hygienic and environmentally friendly waste handling and disposal procedures

work as part of a team and in close working arrangements with the supervising veterinarian

Required knowledge includes

Knowledge of

normal health parameters for foals

handling techniques for impaired foals

nutritional requirements and options for impaired foals

nursing techniques for impaired foals

principles and practices of infection control

principles and practices of routine care of hospitalised animals

principles of animal welfare

relevant legislation regulations and codes of practice including workplace health and safety animal welfare and ethics veterinary practices and waste disposal

understanding of the function and use of relevant equipment

understanding of the purpose and use of relevant medications

workplace hygiene standards biosecurity including disinfectants cleaning agents and techniques cleaning and appropriate disinfection or sterilisation of equipment materials and personal protective equipment PPE

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competence in this Unit must be relevant to workplace operations and satisfy all of the requirements of the performance criteria required skills and knowledge and the range statement of this unit Assessors should ensure that candidates can

implement infection controls

administer enteral and parenteral nutrition to impaired foals

provide respiratory support and perform emergency ventilation to impaired foals

assemble crash kit items

follow aseptic procedures

admit and discharge patients from NICU

care for mares in NICU

follow workplace health and safety and animal welfare rules

accurately document and maintain appropriate records

The skills and knowledge required to provide intensive foal care and nursing must be transferable to a range of work environments and contexts and include the ability to deal with unplanned events

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment for this unit is to be practical in nature and will be most appropriately assessed in a veterinary nursing workplace with neonatal intensive care facilities and access to the appropriate equipment andor resources to enable one to demonstrate competence

Method of assessment

To ensure consistency in ones performance competency should be demonstrated to industry defined standards on more than two occasions over a period of time in order to cover a variety of circumstances patients cases and responsibilities and over a number of assessment activities

The assessment strategy must include practical skills assessment Suggested strategies for this unit are

written andor oral assessment of candidates required knowledge

observed documented and firsthand testimonial evidence of candidates application of practical tasks

simulation exercises that reproduce normal work conditions

thirdparty evidence

workplace documentation

case studies

portfolio

This unit may be assessed in a holistic way with other units of competency relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role

Guidance information for assessment

Assessment methods should reflect workplace demands eg literacy and numeracy demands and the needs of particular target groups eg people with disabilities Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people women people with a language background other than English youth and people from low socioeconomic backgrounds


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the Unit of Competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Admit

Procedures to follow to admit new arrivals to the NICU will include:

gathering information about the patient from referring veterinarian

preparing bed and stall for patient

performing full physical examination

providing any required support or emergency nursing care of new arrival

recording all health parameters accurately

recording and maintaining accurate documentation of patient's progress

monitoring comfort and well-being of foal.

Nursing care for recumbent foals

Nursing care for recumbent foals may include, but is not limited to:

performing specialised nursing techniques as required

safely assisting foals to stand and support

rotating foal position regularly between left to right sternal recumbency

close monitoring of all vital signs and body functions, including pressure points (bed sores)

use of monitoring equipment, which could include:

blood pressure (BP) monitor

glucometer

lactate monitor

Refractometer

BRIX sugar refractometer (degrees Brix [symbol °Bx]

electrocardiogram (ECG) machine

pulse oximeter

ISTAT or IDEXX machines (haematology analysers).

Respiratory support

Respiratory support may include, but is not limited to:

assembling, administering, monitoring and maintaining intra-nasal oxygen

handling and storing oxygen tank safely

providing respiratory support and resuscitation of critically ill foal.

Crash kit and pharmacy

Items that may be encountered in a crash kit include:

oxygen tank, regulator and flow meter

oxygen tubing

endotracheal tubes

self-inflating bag-valve resuscitator

syringes and needles

fluid giving sets

catheter placement kit

fluid pump

pharmaceuticals as specified by hospital policy and procedures and/or veterinary directions

a chart with a list of all drugs and their doses.

Nutrition to impaired foals

Methods of providing nutrition may include:

bottle feeding

maintaining indwelling naso-gastric tube under veterinary supervision

preparation of artificial food substitutes

preparation and monitoring Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) under veterinary supervision.

Parenteral medications

Procedures for preparation of parenteral medications may include:

aseptically drawing up medications under instruction

accurately labelling and recording all treatments administered

monitoring and maintaining an indwelling intravenous catheter

correctly administering medications to neonates: oral, intramuscular, intravenous, topical

monitoring and maintaining intravenous fluid therapy

operating fluid pumps

monitoring and maintaining plasma and/or blood transfusion.

Infection controls

Routine industry standard infection controls may include:

practising aseptic techniques in all possible areas and maintaining strict hygiene protocol

monitoring and maintaining specialised equipment

preparing and maintaining individual inventories for each patient

accurately labelling and recording samples taken

following strict isolation protocol in all cases where infection and/or contagion is suspected

observing and practising strict personal antiseptic protocol.

Routine care for mare

Routine care for mare will include::

feeding and watering

stable cleaning

exercising

reproductive tract maintenance

collection and storage of mare's milk

monitoring mare's health.

Discharge foals

Procedures to discharge foals will include:

preparing patients for departure: remove catheter, groom, prepare medications to go with patient

providing instructions for follow-up care and treatments

organising transport

emptying stall of bedding

disinfecting stall and equipment used by that patient.