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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Supervise nursing support for veterinary procedures
  2. Organise, monitor and document referral requests, procedures and follow-up processes
  3. Manage hospitalised patients
  4. Monitor the maintenance of accurate records
  5. Contribute to professional development

Required Skills

Required skills Include

Ability to

apply problem solving skills to use available resources and anticipate veterinarians requirements

communicate effectively with veterinarian other professionals staff and clients using appropriate communication strategies and terminology whilst complying with practice protocols

coordinate andor carry out a range of veterinary nursing procedures including

accurately monitoring recording and recognising abnormal vital signs

administeringmaintaining fluid therapy including blood products under veterinary direction

administering medications under veterinary direction by intravenous means including use of fluid pumps

monitoring cleaning and sterilising medical and surgical equipment as required

performing emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation on companion animals

placing intravenous and urinary catheters

demonstrate empathy with animals

employ interpersonal skills to relate to people from a range of social cultural and ethnic backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities

employ safe and environmentally responsible organisational systems and procedures when working with and handling animals

employ selfmanagement skills to

comply with policies and procedures

consistently evaluate and monitor own performance

seek learning opportunities

manage veterinary nursing procedures through effective supervision and coordination of clinic nursing staff

maintain highest standards of hygiene and infection control at all times to reduce the risk of infection and crossinfection

record use of chemicals and medicines according to prescribed legislative requirements

record patient details accurately and legibly

use literacy skills to

read select and implement policies and procedures including workplace health and safety infection control and other clinic policies and procedures

complete relevant workplace documentation

prepare general information reports and papers according to target audience

read and understand a variety of texts

use numeracy skills to monitor patient vital signs and calculate drug doses and fluid rates

use safe manual handling techniques andor equipment

use safe waste handling and disposal procedures

use strategies to clarify verify and confirm information and instructions

Required knowledge includes

Knowledge of

accurate identification of surgical instruments

anaesthetic risks

animal nutrition and husbandry

blood blood types and transfusion medicine

clinical signs of sepsis and wound breakdown

clinical signs of shock

common infectious diseases

commonly used anaesthetic agents planes and stages of anaesthesia and anaesthetic equipment

critical care and intensive nursing routines

emergency procedures including CPR

fluid therapy

principles of animal welfare and ethics

quarantine of patients and infection control measures in an isolation facility

relevant state or territory legislation and regulations relating to the practice of veterinary science workplace health and safety and animal welfare

relevant state or territory legislation covering the use of therapeutic and controlled substances

waste disposal

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competence in this Unit must be relevant to workplace operations and satisfy all of the requirements of the performance criteria required skills and knowledge and the range statement of this Unit Assessors should ensure that candidates can

recognise communicate and respond to abnormal patient vital signs and anaesthetic complications

coordinate hospital admissions and discharges

supervise roster and coordinate nursing staff in support of veterinary activities

develop and implement infection control and workplace health and safety and biosecurity procedures

demonstrate cardiopulmonary resuscitation

assist in a range of veterinary procedures

carry out a range of nursing procedures

manage nursing care of hospitalised patients and patients in quarantine or isolation

ensure the maintenance of accurate records

develop implement and review nursing policies and procedures in veterinary practice

identify opportunities to contribute to the veterinary practice knowledge base and improve existing practices and procedures within scope of job responsibilities

prepare and present case studies andor literature reviews to others

The skills and knowledge required to manage veterinary nursing procedures must be transferable to a range of work environments and contexts and include the ability to deal with unplanned events

It is highly recommended that learners perform work placement in another approved veterinary practice or training workplace in order to gather further evidence of competence and demonstrate the transferability of skills and knowledge outcomes

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment of this Unit is to be practical in nature and must be assessed in a veterinary practice in order to gain exposure to sufficient caseload

There must be access to a veterinary clinic or animal hospital a range of companion animals as well as the appropriate equipment resources and documentation to enable one to demonstrate competence

Method of assessment

To ensure consistency in ones performance competency should be demonstrated to industry defined standards on more than two occasions over an extended period of time by preparing for a range of procedures providing perioperative nursing care and managing the hospitalisation of more complicated cases on a regular basis

The assessment strategy must include practical skills assessment Suggested strategies for this Unit are

written andor oral assessment of candidates required knowledge

observed documented and firsthand testimonial evidence of candidates application of practical tasks

case study analysis

role plays

thirdparty evidence

workplace documentation

portfolio

This Unit may be assessed in a holistic way with other Units of Competency relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role

Guidance information for assessment

Assessment methods should reflect workplace demands eg literacy and numeracy demands and the needs of particular target groups eg people with disabilities Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people women people with a language background other than English youth and people from low socioeconomic backgrounds


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the Unit of Competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Animal first aid measures

Animal first aid measures include:

DR ABC (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, CPR)

perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

control haemorrhage

wound management

treatment of shock.

Materials and equipment

Materials and equipment include but are not limited to:

automatic processor

anaesthetic machines

drains

drapes

dressings and bandages

electrocautery

electrocardiograph (ECG)

endoscope

formalin pot

intravenous and urinary catheters

intravenous fluid pump

otoscope

pins

splints

surgical instruments

suture material

swabs

tubes

ultrasound

X-ray.

Veterinary procedures

Veterinary procedures may include but are not limited to:

abdominocentesis

arthrocentesis

cystocentesis

blood collection

express anal glands

general surgery for example soft tissue surgeries such as:

desexing

exploratory surgery

lump removals

induce anaesthesia

insert intravenous catheter

intubate patient’s airway

intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular injection

placement of nasogastric feeding tube

placement of nasal oxygen tubes

physical examination

thoracocentesis

urinary catheterisation

wound care or dressing.

Vital signs

Vital signs include:

temperature

pulse

respiration

mucous membrane colour

capillary refill time

femoral pulse

menace response

pupillary light response

deep pain sensation

withdrawal response

jaw tone

swallowing and palpebral reflex

monitoring of vital signs may include the use of:

electrocardiograph (ECG)

pulse oximeters

capnographs

oesophageal stethoscopes

blood pressure monitors.

Post-operative procedures

Post-operative procedures may include:

removal of endotracheal tube

keeping patient warm and comfortable

nursing observation

monitoring analgesia

wound care

fluid therapy

administration of veterinary medications

communication with owner

reporting progress to veterinarian/s.

Referral veterinarian or other health care professional and/or service

Referral veterinarian or other health care professional and/or service may include:

behavioural specialist

chemo and radiation specialists

complementary therapy practitioners

acupuncturist

chiropractor

massage therapist

naturopath

physiotherapist

veterinary dentist

farrier

medication manufacturer consultant

nutritionist

ophthalmologist

orthopaedic surgeon

plastic surgeon

trauma specialist.

Veterinary instructions

Veterinary instructions may include:

frequency of observations

vital signs to be recorded

drugs doses, routes of administration and frequency

recommended diet

housing

toileting

wound care

other nursing or administrative requirements as directed.

Treatment plans

Treatment plans comprise a list of diagnostic tests, medications and procedures recommended by the veterinarian in order to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of a patient.

Nursing care

Nursing care includes:

patient observation

patient monitoring

analgesia

fluid therapy

drug administration

wound management

maintenance of drains and tubes

nutrition

toileting

exercise

environmental enrichment

communication with veterinarian.

Infection control

Infection control means:

appropriate cleaning and disinfection regimes for equipment, housing, bedding etc

the housing or hospitalisation of patients with infectious disease away from other patients, in order to reduce the spread of infection

quarantine may involve an isolation facility and the use of specific nursing techniques and personal protective equipment to aid infection control.

Workplace health and safety

Workplace health and safety includes:

animal care for small, large and exotic animals has a range of associated risks from bites, kicks or scratches. All clinic duties should reflect an awareness of and a respect for these risks.

safe work practices include the packaging and handling of loads, including animals and equipment. Appropriate safe handling techniques are used to reduce muscle load on exertion.

the handling of chemicals and medicines in the clinic requires extra care to ensure safe work practices are maintained.

clinic activities also have inherent risks including gas leakage, zoonoses, release of infective agents (both animal and human), needle pricks, and cuts from other sharps and exposure to ionizing radiation.

biological hazardous waste and sharps disposal must be carried out in line with relevant workplace health and safety legislation.

Nursing procedures

Nursing procedures may include but are not limited to:

blood collection

express anal glands

induce anaesthesia

insert intravenous catheter

intubate patient’s airway

intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular injection

placement of nasogastric feeding tube

placement of nasal oxygen tubes

urinary catheterisation

wound care or dressing.

Hospital rounds

Hospital rounds involve:

case reviews performed by veterinary and nursing staff in the hospital ward.

hospital rounds usually consider treatment plans, patient progress and client communication.

Nurse handovers

Nurse handovers involve:

hospital rounds for nursing staff

effective transfer of information regarding the care and progress of hospitalised patients

ensuring appropriate rostering of clinical staff

nurse handovers should occur at shift changes to ensure continuity of patient care.

Clinic policies

Clinic policies may cover:

accessing and updating files

admission and discharge of patients

admittance of visitors

client privacy

compliance with relevant legislative requirements

guidelines for the sale of medicines and animal treatments (prescription and non-prescription)

information specific to the practice

recording information

security, confidentiality and privacy

type of information and advice that can be provided by staff.

Appropriate documentation

Appropriate documentation means:

admission and client consent forms

written estimates

hospital whiteboards

medical and hospital record

treatment plans

anaesthetic records

dental charts

submission forms

laboratory reports

computer records

discharge notes

client handouts and instructions.

Professional development opportunities

Professional development opportunities may include:

attending conferences and seminars

completing additional relevant training

conducting research and presenting results

participating in forums

presenting information to staff and or others

reading research papers

visiting other practices.