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Follow the links below to find material targeted to the unit's elements, performance criteria, required skills and knowledge

Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Select, operate and monitor navigation aids/systems
  2. Navigation aids and systems appropriate for planned IFR flight are selected and operated
  3. Ground-based and satellite-based navigational systems confidence and integrity checks are conducted, continuously monitored and maintained
  4. Navigate aircraft in instrument meteorological conditions
  5. Aircraft position fix is determined with reference to navigation aid and systems using ground-based and/or satellite-based navigational systems
  6. Tracks are intercepted to and from stations and waypoints with reference to navigation aids and systems, using ground-based and satellite-based navigational systems
  7. Track is maintained within tolerances specified in authorised publications
  8. Timings are recorded, assessed and revised as required
  9. Station passage is recognised
  10. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)/distance measuring equipment (DME) arc procedure is performed within tolerances specified in authorised publications
  11. Planned route above lowest safe altitude (LSALT) is maintained in accordance with IFR
  12. IMC to visual flight transition is performed before descending below the lesser of LSALT or minimum safety altitude (MSA)
  13. Route and destination weather conditions are monitored and appropriate actions are executed
  14. Conduct a diversion to revised route or alternate aerodrome
  15. Requirement for an unplanned diversion is recognised and confirmed
  16. Route to alternate aerodrome, navigation aid and or revised track is determined
  17. Planned route height is maintained above LSALT
  18. Flight planned route is diverted to track to alternate aerodrome or navigation aid
  19. Operational information for alternate aerodrome/s is reviewed and applied in accordance with regulations and published procedures
  20. Fuel plan is reviewed and amended in accordance with regulations and published procedures
  21. Conduct holding pattern in IMC
  22. Holding pattern is entered at or above LSALT/MSA appropriate to inbound heading using authorised sector entry procedures
  23. Published holding pattern is flown not below the specified minimum altitude, allowing for wind effect, turning inbound on prescribed track
  24. Holding pattern is departed in accordance with ATC instructions
  25. Comply with ATC rules and procedures for IFR flights
  26. Separation from other air traffic in actual or simulated IMC is maintained
  27. Airspace requirements are complied with utilising IFR procedures
  28. Two-way communication is maintained with air traffic services (ATS) and other aircraft in accordance with IFR procedures
  29. ATC clearances and/or radar vectoring instructions are complied with
  30. Manage hazardous weather conditions
  31. Hazardous weather conditions are identified and risk management processes applied to maintain flight safety
  32. Hazardous weather penetration procedures are implemented
  33. Aircraft systems are employed to mitigate effects of hazardous weather
  34. Apply turbulence penetration techniques
  35. Aircraft is configured to comply with turbulence penetration procedures
  36. Passenger and crew are restrained during periods of predicted and actual turbulent conditions
  37. Procedures for penetrating turbulence are applied to maintain flight safety

Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria on at least one occasion and include:

adapting to differences in equipment and operating environment in accordance with standard operating procedures

applying air safety practices and regulations

applying altimetry procedures to all stages of an instrument flight

applying operational requirements that apply to planning a flight on the basis of conducting an area navigation (RNAV) global navigation satellite system (GNSS) procedure at the destination

applying relevant aeronautical knowledge

applying turbulence penetration techniques

communicating effectively with others

completing relevant documentation

determining time made good (TMG), ground speed (GS), estimated time of arrival (ETA), time and distance to waypoint (WPT), wind velocity (WV) in flight

identifying and correctly using equipment required when navigating an aircraft under IFR

implementing aviation risk management processes to minimise, control or eliminate identified hazards

implementing contingency plans

implementing work health and safety (WHS)/occupational health and safety (OHS) procedures and relevant regulations

interpreting typical GNSS navigational displays including latitude/longitude (Lat/Long), distance and bearing to waypoint, course deviation indications (CDI)

maintaining interception and maintenance of GNSS defined tracks

modifying activities depending on workplace contingencies, situations and environments

monitoring work activities in terms of planned schedule

operating electronic communications equipment to required protocol

performing non-directional beacon (NDB) approaches:

calculating heading to steer to intercept a new or original track to or from an NDB

calculating heading to steer to intercept desired inbound track before reaching an NDB

calculating relative bearing that will indicate desired track to or from an NDB has been intercepted, given the intercept heading

calculating track to and from an NDB, given heading and relative bearings

determining NDB station passage, abeam NDB station, NDB bearing the aircraft is on, tracking error and/or drift experienced, from automatic direction finder (ADF) relative bearing indications

fixing position, given relative bearing indications utilising two NDB stations

performing VHF omni directional radio range (VOR) approaches:

calculating heading to steer to intercept a new or original track to or from a VOR

determining off-track distance experienced from VOR and DME cockpit indications

determining scalloping, VOR station passage, abeam VOR station, VOR radial the aircraft is on, tracking error and/or drift experienced, from VOR cockpit indications

fixing position, given cockpit instrument indications utilising two VOR stations

fixing position, given instrument indications utilising combinations of VOR, NDB and DME

performing IFR navigational functions within the parameters of authorised regulations, orders and operations manual procedures

predicting availability of approach receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) at destination or alternate aerodrome and limitations that apply to the prediction

reading, interpreting and following relevant regulations, instructions, procedures, information and signs

recognising and taking appropriate action for GNSS warnings

recognising significant variances from forecast meteorological conditions and taking appropriate actions, including issuing an air report (AIREP) and messages

reporting and/or rectifying problems, faults or malfunctions promptly, in accordance with workplace procedures

selecting and using required personal protective clothing and equipment conforming to industry and WHS/OHS standards

sourcing and interpreting aviation weather forecast products and services appropriate to flight planning and navigation procedures

working collaboratively with others

working systematically with required attention to detail without injury to self or others, or damage to goods or equipment.


Knowledge Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of:

air traffic control (ATC) rules and procedures:

abnormal operations and/or emergency procedures in control area (CTA), control zone (CTR), Class G airspace and at non-controlled aerodromes

airways clearance requirements for entering, operating in and departing CTA and CTR, including what details to provide to ATC, and what details to expect from ATC

airways clearance requirements for operating in all classes of airspace, including lead time required for flight plan submission, contents, clearance void time, and read back requirement

ATC requirements for a change of level in CTA, including in an emergency

controlled area protection

departure, climb, transition to cruise (levelling out), cruise, change of levels, descent and visual approach procedures, day and night, in CTA and CTR

departure, climb, transition to cruise (levelling out), cruise, change of levels, descent, and arrival procedures in Class G airspace and at non-controlled aerodromes

loss of radio communication procedures in CTA, CTR, Class G airspace and at non-controlled aerodromes

maximum permissible time interval is between ATC transmissions during radar vectoring

radar emergency procedures, including loss of radio communication, radar failure, transponder emergency codes, and aircraft emergencies

radar services that are provided by ATC

radar vectoring procedures, including radio procedures and phraseologies

radio procedures in CTA, CTR, Class G airspace and at non-controlled aerodromes

requirements and procedure for a diversion to an alternate aerodrome

separation provisions between IFR flights, and IFR and VFR flights in the various classes of CTA

separation provisions between IFR flights, and IFR and VFR flights in GAAP CTR

visual approach procedures, day and night, in Class G airspace and at non-controlled aerodromes, including landing manoeuvres, cancellation of search and rescue alerting (SARWATCH), and operation of VHF aerodrome lighting (PAL)

GNSS:

effect of availability or otherwise of baro-aiding on RAIM availability and prediction

effect of each type of RAIM prediction operational requirements

effect of satellite unserviceability on the reliability of each type of prediction

factors that may adversely affect the conduct of a GNSS/NPA and explain suitable pilot procedures to minimise such effects

GNSS operating procedures for typical navigational tasks using a specific type of aircraft equipment

GNSS operating procedures that provide safeguards against navigational errors and loss of situational awareness

GNSS operational and serviceability checks

human factor limitations associated with using GNSS equipment

indications of waypoint passage

methods of position fixing using a GNSS system

mode of operation required during each segment of a GNSS/NPA, conditions required to transition to and operate in that mode, and associated CDI sensitivity and RAIM protection provided

operating procedures for GNSS equipment that reduce or eliminate errors due to any of these factors

operational requirements that apply to planning a flight on the basis of conducting a RNAV (GNSS) procedure at the destination

parameters applicable to RAIM warnings in the en route, terminal and approach modes

parameters applicable to tracking tolerances, automatic waypoint sequencing, CDI sensitivity and RAIM availability

principles of operation, performance limitations and errors of a GNSS system

requirements applicable to pilots and equipment for GNSS operations

NDB:

effects of coastal refraction, night error, thunderstorms, mountainous areas, types of terrain and altitude of aircraft on NDB indications or range

methods of selecting and using most appropriate NDB for tracking during navigation

NDB tracking techniques, procedures and limitations

procedures for sector entry and holding using NDB

VOR:

procedures for sector entry and holding using VOR

VOR instrument settings required to provide command indications when flying on given tracks both to and from VOR

VOR tracking techniques, procedures and limitations.