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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Control aircraft on the ground
2. Instrument and cockpit lighting are adjusted to an appropriate level for taxiing
3. Air traffic control (ATC) instructions and manoeuvres of an aircraft on the ground at night within the approved movement area as defined by aerodrome ground lighting, are complied with
4. Aircraft lighting to identify obstructions, other aircraft, and taxiway and runway limits is used as required
5. Aircraft is taxied at a speed that allows for an adequate lookout to be maintained to avoid obstructions
6. Activate pilot activated lighting
7. Appropriate radiotelephone frequency is utilised to activate PAL system when within radio range
8. PAL system is activated using appropriate transmit sequence
9. Wind indicator lighting is monitored to determine end of activation period
10. Take off at night
11. Aircraft is lined up correctly in centre of runway in take-off direction
12. Line up checks appropriate to night take-off are completed
13. Take-off by reference to flare path/runway lighting and aircraft instruments is executed
14. Aircraft is rotated at manufacturer recommended speed
15. Aircraft control and climb attitude is completed solely by reference to instruments
16. Alignment with runway by visual reference and lookout is established and maintained
17. Post-departure checks are performed at a safe height after take-off
18. Manage emergency situations at night
19. Control of aircraft flight path is maintained during implementation of emergency response procedures
20. Emergency situation is managed in accordance with the aircraft flight manual (AFM), pilot’s operating handbook (POH) and aeronautical information publication (AIP)
21. Electrical lighting and power sources are monitored
22. Electrical lighting and power source emergency procedures are implemented as required
23. Perform a go-around
24. Need to conduct a go-around is recognised
25. Go-around is performed from any point on base and final approach legs
26. Land at night, with and without the use of aircraft landing lights
27. Circuit entry and pattern are performed with reference to runway environment
28. Safe altitude is maintained by reference to aircraft instruments and runway lighting
29. Aircraft is safely landed at night with and without landing lights
30. After landing checks are performed

Range Statement

Range is restricted to essential operating conditions and any other variables essential to the work environment.

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Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria on at least one occasion and include:

adapting to differences in equipment and operating environment in accordance with standard operating procedures applying precautions and required action to minimise, control or eliminate identified hazards applying relevant aeronautical knowledge applying relevant legislation and workplace procedures communicating effectively with others completing relevant documentation identifying and correctly using equipment required while operating an aircraft in the traffic pattern at night implementing contingency plans implementing work health and safety (WHS)/occupational health and safety (OHS) procedures and relevant regulations interpreting and following operational instructions and prioritise work modifying activities depending on workplace contingencies, situations and environments monitoring and anticipating operational problems and hazards and taking appropriate action monitoring work activities in terms of planned schedule operating electronic communications equipment to required protocol reading, interpreting and following relevant regulations, instructions, procedures, information and signs reporting and/or rectifying identified problems promptly, in accordance with regulatory requirements and workplace procedures selecting and using required personal protective clothing and equipment conforming to industry and WHS/OHS standards setting local or area barometric pressure adjusted for sea level (QNH) at appropriate stages of flight utilising fault finding for system failures utilising secondary lighting and power sources working collaboratively with others working systematically with required attention to detail without injury to self or others, or damage to goods or equipment.

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Knowledge Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of:

CASR Part 61 Manual of Standards Schedule 3 Aeronautical Knowledge relevant to night visual flight operations causes that may aggravate vestibular disorientation: somatogravic illusions somatogyral illusions and ‘graveyard spiral’ coriolis effect leans circumstances that aggravate vestibular disorientation and how to overcome them colours and patterns of aerodrome lighting: permanent threshold light runway threshold identifications lights displaced threshold lighting runway edge lighting runway end lighting runway centreline lighting obstacle lighting communications equipment checks conditions and causes under which the following visual illusions may occur: false horizons visual-cue illusions relative motion illusions flicker effect black hole illusion autokinesis electrical system management as recommended in the applicable aircraft flight manual (AFM)/pilot’s operating handbook (POH) fuel tank capacity and range human factors and physiological limitations for conducting operations at night identification of aerodromes with standby power light signals used in the circuit area at night method of activating an aerodrome frequency response unit (AFRU) with PAL options method of activating pilot activated lighting (PAL) night circuit procedures night visual flight rules (NVFR) legislation: privileges and limitations of the rating minimum NVFR aircraft equipment requirements ALA/HLS dimension and lighting requirements NVFR operations: principles of operations, limitations and errors for the radio navigation systems used flight planning/notification requirements, including lower safe altitude (LSALT), weather, fuel and lighting requirements for departure and descent for clearance from terrain alternate aerodrome planning requirements operation of PAL air traffic control (ATC) procedures relevant to NVFR operations operation and use of a visual approach slope indicator (VASI) and pilot approach path indicator (PAPI) system PAL system warning indications that lights are about to be extinguished procedures for operating electronic communications equipment requirements for completing relevant documentation time that PAL remains illuminated vestibular systems, namely the semicircular canals and otoliths, in helping the pilot maintain orientation.

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