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Follow the links below to find material targeted to the unit's elements, performance criteria, required skills and knowledge

Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Use a map
   • Select the type of map(s) suitable for the activity.
   • Identify possible sources of error and inaccuracies on the map.
   • Identify symbols and information contained on the map that may be used in navigation.
   • Identify the way in which relevant symbols and information on the map can be used in navigation.
2. Use a compass
   • Identify the essential features of a compass.
   • Use a compass to maintain a designated course.
   • Use a compass to reflect understanding of factors which affect accuracy.
3. Plan a route in unmodified landscapes
   • Apply symbols and information contained on the map to plan an efficient route/course suitable to navigation and equipment.
   • Obtain additional information to assist in the preparation of a navigation data sheet from the map and from other suitable sources of information.
   • Identify hazards and obstacles to the route.
   • Prepare a navigation data sheet/route card.
   • Identify emergency or contingency routes.
4. Navigate in unmodified landscapes
   • Maintain orientation of map to surroundings.
   • Identify possible sources of navigation error in specific locations.
   • Demonstrate combined use of map, compass and other techniques whilst following a route in unmodified landscapes.
   • Demonstrate techniques for distance estimations of travel in the absence of identifying features.
   • Maintain the designated course whilst bypassing hazards and obstacles.
   • Demonstrate maintenance of a course in unmodified landscapes.
   • Fix position accurately and regularly using a combination of appropriate navigation techniques.
   • Choose route for the surroundings and conditions.
   • Fix position and identify unknown features using navigation techniques when lost.
5. Use a compass
   • Identify the essential features of a compass.
   • Use a compass to maintain a designated course.
   • Use a compass to reflect understanding of factors which affect accuracy.
6. Plan a route in unmodified landscapes
   • Apply symbols and information contained on the map to plan an efficient route/course suitable to navigation and equipment.
   • Obtain additional information to assist in the preparation of a navigation data sheet from the map and from other suitable sources of information.
   • Identify hazards and obstacles to the route.
   • Prepare a navigation data sheet/route card.
   • Identify emergency or contingency routes.
7. Navigate in unmodified landscapes
   • Maintain orientation of map to surroundings.
   • Identify possible sources of navigation error in specific locations.
   • Demonstrate combined use of map, compass and other techniques whilst following a route in unmodified landscapes.
   • Demonstrate techniques for distance estimations of travel in the absence of identifying features.
   • Maintain the designated course whilst bypassing hazards and obstacles.
   • Demonstrate maintenance of a course in unmodified landscapes.
   • Fix position accurately and regularly using a combination of appropriate navigation techniques.
   • Choose route for the surroundings and conditions.
   • Fix position and identify unknown features using navigation techniques when lost.

Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria. If not otherwise specified the candidate must demonstrate evidence of performance of the following on at least one occasion.

applying problem solving techniques

maintaining a compass bearing in poor visibility and/or extreme conditions

observing surroundings

making decisions

plotting a navigation route accurately and within accepted tolerances when following a route

maintaining positional awareness

reacting effectively to changes in the operating environment that require re-planning

navigating both by day and night

navigating without the use of electronic navigation aids such as GPS

calculating speed, distance and estimating time taken

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Knowledge Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria. If not otherwise specified the depth of knowledge demonstrated must be appropriate to the job context of the candidate.

cartographic symbols and legends

grid/magnetic conversion

map and chart types

methods for determining current location

route planning techniques and calculations

factors affecting navigation techniques in extreme environmental conditions

map types and sources of error

use of a compass and factors that affect their accuracy

route planning and issues that should be considered in extreme environmental conditions

estimation of travelling times in unmodified landscape and/or difficult terrain/conditions

techniques for estimating distance travelled in poor visibility

back bearings and resections

techniques to navigate around obstacles

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