Elements and Performance Criteria
- Apply Simpson’s First and Second Rules to calculate areas, volumes and displacement of ship shapes using TPC values
- Simpson’s (Mid-Ordinate) First Rule and Second Rule, with typical applications, using half and full ordinates is explained
- Areas of water planes, bulkheads and elemental areas are calculated
- Problems of immersed hull volume, appendage volumes and non-standard tank volumes are solved
- Archimedes Principles of buoyancy are explained
- TPC with application of Simpson’s Rules to find displacement is explained
- Change in draught with mass addition and removal using TPC to give parallel sinkage or rise is explained
- Problems of vessel displacement given water plane areas or TPC values are solved
- TPC curves and displacement curves for given values are constructed
- Apply ship form coefficients
- Calculate changes in draft due to fluid density
- Load line freeboard measurement and markings required for change in fluid density are explained
- Formula for change in mean draft due to change in density is derived
- Change in draft between fluids of two densities are calculated
- Formula to derive fresh water allowance is applied
- Changes in mean draft due to changes in density and loading are calculated
- Solve stability problems
- Calculations are performed to solve problems associated with adding, removing and transferring masses on ships
- Centre of gravity of a suspended mass is explained
- Calculations are performed to solve problems associated with suspended masses
- How KG and LCG can be obtained from stability information is explained
- Creation of overturning moments by mass addition, removal or transfer transversely, including cargo shift or loss is explained
- Calculations are performed to solve problems of small angle transverse stability
- Purpose of inclining experiments, weighing tests and roll period tests to determine stability characteristics are explained
- Calculations are performed to solve problems associated with inclining experiments and roll period tests
- Calculate loss of transverse stability due to fluid free surface
- Principles of free surface loss of GM are explained
- KG solid is differentiated from KG fluid
- Second moment of area is applied to obtain free surface moment of inertia and is related to stability criteria for standard conditions
- Problems of liquid free surface for simple and complex geometry compartments including variation in filling rates are solved
- Wall-sided formula and factors that lead to negative GM creating an angle of loll are explained
- Problems involving correction of loll angle are solved
- Calculate large angle transverse static and dynamical stability
- How GZ and KN righting levers are obtained from cross curves of stability is explained
- KN values are converted to GZ
- Dynamical stability is explained
- IMO requirements for intact and damaged stability cases as well as different vessel types, using typical values from stability files are applied
- Problems of large angle transverse stability, including changes due to redistribution of mass on board are solved and results against IMO requirements are evaluated
- Graphical solutions to large angle transverse stability problems identifying key points are prepared
- Solve problems of hydrostatics
- Importance of area and volume centroids is explained
- Methods of determining KB, LCB, LCF and bulkhead area centroids are explained
- Calculations are performed to determine centroids of shipboard areas and volumes
- Impact of hydrostatic pressure and load on vertical and horizontal surfaces is explained
- Methods of calculating pressure, load, shear force and bending moment diagrams for typical tank structures are applied
- Problems are solved in hydrostatics relating to pressure and loads on ship structures, including graphical solution of shear force diagrams of rectangular bulkheads and their elemental stiffeners
- Effective weld area of bulkhead attachment is calculated
- Perform trim and draft calculations
- Meaning of trim and how trim occurs is explained
- Standard trimming moments resulting from mass addition, removal, transfer, flooding or combinations of these factors are explained
- Change of trim is calculated using MCT1cm, GML and BML
- Problems of applied trimming moments to determine final vessel draughts are solved
- True mean draft is differentiated from apparent mean draft by applying correction for layer
- Calculations are performed to solve problems associated with true mean draft
- Problems of combined trim and transverse stability from typical fluid transfer in both a longitudinal and transverse direction are solved
- Calculate voyage and daily fuel consumption
- Problems of fuel consumption are solved using the admiralty coefficient for various speed indexes
- Optimum vessel speed for combined propulsive and auxiliary fuel consumptions is determined
- Calculations are performed to show relationships between fuel consumption and displacement
- Calculations are performed to show relationships between daily fuel consumption and speed
- Calculations are performed to show relationships between voyage consumption, speed and distance travelled
- Apply principles of loading to ship structures to determine strength characteristics
- Distribution of concentrated and point masses, buoyancy, load, shear force and bending moments are explained using simple loaded beam principles
- Calculations and diagrams are used to solve problems involving loaded conditions of simple box-shaped vessels, identifying location and value of maximum shear force and bending moments
- Empirical formula is applied to solve problems involving bending and direct stress in beams
- Apply empirical formula to solve vibration problems
- Solve buoyancy problems
- Perform rudder calculations
- Types of rudders in use on ships are outlined
- Reasons for using balanced rudders are identified
- Application of force acting normal to a rudder surface (Fn), its components and the influence of Propeller Race Effect is explained
- Rudder Centre of Effort for ahead and astern conditions is obtained to determine torque on rudder stock for conventional rudders or equivalent twisting moment (ETM) for spade rudders
- Calculations are performed involving simple and complex rudder shapes to calculate speed limitations ahead and astern for stated safety factor and material properties
- Calculations are performed involving simple and complex rudder shapes to determine rudder stock and coupling bolt diameters