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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Plan work for shift
  2. Prepare sample racks for fusion
  3. Obtain acceptable buttons and prills
  4. Troubleshoot and correct common recovery failures
  5. Perform daily maintenance of assay equipment
  6. Maintain a safe work environment

Required Skills

Required skills

Required skills include

accurately weighing samples and flux components

manual handling of heavyhot items of equipment

handeye coordination during pouring and knocking up buttons

recognising nonacceptable characteristics of received and fused samples buttons and prills

applying standard methods and procedures and approved variations

Required knowledge

Required knowledge includes

procedures for

fusion of common mineral oresamples

cupellation of buttons

digestionpartingof prills

function operation and maintenance of assay equipment

hazards control measures operation and maintenance of safety equipment

enterprise andor legal traceability requirementsrelevant to job role

health safety and environment requirements relevant to job role

Evidence Required

The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Assessors should ensure that candidates can

recognise hazards and work safely at all times

interpret and follow standard recovery methods

maintain close attention to technical and safety requirements in a physically demandinghazardous environment

maintain sequential control of samples through all recovery stages

plan work flow to ensure efficient sample throughput

recognise indicators of poor recovery and apply established corrective actions

minimise rework waste and environmental impacts

dispose of all waste responsibly

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit of competency is to be assessed in the workplace or simulated workplace environment

This unit of competency may be assessed with

MSLA Receive and prepare samples for testing

MSL953001A Receive and prepare samples for testing

MSLA Participate in laboratoryfield workplace safety

MSL943002A Participate in laboratory/field workplace safety.

Resources may include

a variety of precious metal ore samples

fire assay methods

fire assay equipment materials and reagents

safety equipment

Method of assessment

The following assessment methods are suggested

review of quality control performance and analytical results traceable to assay samples prepared by the candidate

review of sample records prepared by the candidate

feedback from peers clients and supervisors

writtenoral questioning about fire pouring techniques typical problems and corrective actions

In all cases practical assessment should be supported by questions to assess underpinning knowledge and those aspects of competency which are difficult to assess directly

Where applicable reasonable adjustment must be made to work environments and training situations to accommodate ethnicity age gender demographics and disability

Access must be provided to appropriate learning andor assessment support when required

The language literacy and numeracy demands of assessment should not be greater than those required to undertake the unit of competency in a work like environment

This competency in practice

Industry representatives have provided the case study below to illustrate the practical application of this unit of competency and show its relevance in a workplace setting

Mineral processing

A laboratory routinely determines the total gold concentration of its clients samples A technician is preparing a rack of samples for the days first pour Heshe monitors the furnace temperature and assembles the necessary pots cupels and other equipment Heshe checks the clients specifications for the first sample and notices that it is dark grey The technician recognises that this colour often indicates a high sulphide content and follows the established procedure for adjusting the flux recipe and sample charge weight to compensate Heshe carefully mixes the sample and flux and places the pot in the rack carefully noting its position The technician prepares the remaining samples blanks and check samples according to requirements A satisfactory fusion and pour is obtained for all samples except for one that shows some lead shotting The technician adjusts the flux and sample charge weight and repeats the process The repeat sample provides an acceptable button Heshe cupels the button to separate the precious metal from the first collector lead The prill is placed in a numbered container for subsequent digestion and analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy AAS


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Codes of practice

Where reference is made to industry codes of practice, and/or Australian/international standards, it is expected the latest version will be used

Standards, codes, procedures and/or enterprise requirements

Standards, codes, procedures and/or enterprise requirements may include:

Australian and international standards, such as:

AS 3895.1-1991 Methods for the analysis of copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver ores - Determination of gold (Fire assay-Flame AAS method)

AS ISO 17025-2005 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

AS/NZS ISO 14000 Set:2005 Environmental management standards set

AS/NZS ISO 9000 Set:2008 Quality management systems set

calibration and maintenance schedules

enterprise recording and reporting procedures

enterprise sampling procedures for specific samples, sites and clients

environmental legislation and regulations

equipment manuals and warranty, supplier catalogues and handbooks

equipment startup, operation and shutdown procedures

industry codes of practice

material safety data sheets (MSDS)

occupational health and safety (OHS) national standards and codes of practice

principles of good laboratory practice (GLP)

production and laboratory schedules

quality manuals, training manuals, induction manuals

standard operating procedures (SOPs) and published preparation methods

Samples

Samples may include:

solids, such as rocks, minerals, soils, sands and stream sediments

core and other drill samples (e.g. rotary air blast (RAB), reverse circulation (RC) and aircore)

slurries, powder concentrates and metallurgical solutions

dump samples and grab samples

Client requests/documentation

Client requests/documentation may include:

client profile, sample identification, sample receipt, storage and analyses

required preparation method/and service charges

Consideration of mineralogy

Consideration of mineralogy may include:

recognising presence of highly oxidised ores, such as haematite or magnetite

adjusting charge weight and flux components to suit

Assay equipment

Assay equipment may include:

mixing equipment and balances

fusion and muffle furnaces and associated spares

temperature sensors and hotplates

compressed air service, extraction systems and fuel supply lines

pots, cupels, pouring equipment, pot loader, trolleys, moulds, tongs and hammers

Hazards

Hazards may include:

dust, silica, slag, glass shards and molten flux

chemicals, such as hydrofluoric acid, bromine, perchloric acid, aqua regia, cyanide, lead-based compounds, free-mercury and nickel compounds

noise and vibration

crushing, entanglement and cuts associated with moving machinery

manual handling of heavy loads, such as pots, racks and trolleys

heat exhaustion/stress and fatigue

Safety equipment and procedures

Safety equipment and procedures may include:

ensuring access to service shut-off points, fire extinguishers/fire hose, safety shower/eye wash stations and first aid station

recognising and observing hazard warnings and safety signs

labelling of samples, reagents and hazardous materials

direct extraction and fume hoods

guards for moving machinery parts

noise insulation

using personal protective equipment, such as dust masks, heat resistant mittens, safety face shields with tinted visor, coats, ear muffs, safety boots, heat reflective clothing and latex gloves for flux handling

following established manual handling procedures

regular cleaning of equipment and work areas using enterprise procedures

reporting of abnormal emissions, discharges and airborne contaminants, such as noise, light, solids, liquids, water/waste water, gasses, smoke, vapour, fumes, odour and particulates to appropriate personnel

Fluxes

Fluxes may include:

bulk fluxes containing lead (II) oxide (PbO), borax, soda ash, silica, silver nitrate and flour

non-standard flux additives, such as:

flour (oxidising samples)

potassium nitrate (reducing samples and sulphides)

silica (basic ores)

lead as PbO (siliceous ores)

Pots

Pots may include:

ceramic, acidic/basic, alumina, zirconia and graphite

Sequencing of pots in a rack

Sequencing of pots in a rack may include

addition of silver wire or silver nitrate (AGNO3) mix

addition of coloured salts (e.g. copper sulphate CuSO4)

Collectors

Collectors may include:

litharge or lead (II) oxide (PbO) for pot fusion

silver (AGNO3) for the cupellation

Criteria for an 'acceptable' button

Criteria for an 'acceptable' button could include:

one piece, mass >20 g and <50 g

malleable

separates cleanly from slag

free of undecomposed ore, matte and speiss

Other precious metals

Other precious metals may include:

high gold, Platinum and Palladium

Separation of collectors

Separation of collectors may include:

cupellation

digestion

parting, annealing and weighing for a gravimetric finish

Contamination and losses

Contamination and losses may be caused by:

poorly made cupels

base metals - copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and bismuth (Bi)

arsenic (As), sulphur (S), antimony (Sb), selenium Se), tellurium (Te) and chromium (Cr)

scoria

sprouting

Records

Records may include:

pour sheets - date, time, client, pour number and preparation method

number of pots, positions of sample, blank and check in rack

visual appearance of samples, buttons and prills

corrective actions for specific samples

Indicators of potential loss and the corrective action

Indicators of potential loss and the corrective action may include:

viscous slag - check furnace temperature, adjust flux and lower charge weight

lead shotting - adjust flux, lower charge weight to compensate for high oxides, silicates and chromites

sulphides - adjust fusion time, adjust sample weight and/or flux

matte, speiss - adjust sample weight and flux

incomplete fusion - adjust sample weight and/or flux

unacceptable button - adjust sample weight and/or flux

inquartation - add 3 parts silver (Ag) to prill, wrap in lead foil and re-cupel

Waste

Waste may include:

rejected pots and cupels

slag, furnace material

disposable personal protective equipment

Occupational health and safety (OHS) and environmental management requirements

OHS and environmental management requirements:

all operations must comply with enterprise OHS and environmental management requirements, which may be imposed through state/territory or federal legislation - these requirements must not be compromised at any time

all operations assume the potentially hazardous nature of samples and require standard precautions to be applied

where relevant, users should access and apply current industry understanding of infection control issued by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and State and Territory Departments of Health