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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Plan and prepare for shotfiring operations
  2. Supervise the store and transport explosives and accessories
  3. Prepare for charging
  4. Charge holes
  5. Conduct the blast
  6. Complete post blast activities
  7. Carry out equipment maintenance

Required Skills

Required skills

Specific skills are required to achieve the performance criteria in this unit particularly for the application in the various circumstances in which this unit may be applied This includes the ability to carry out the following as required to conduct underground production shotfiring operations

apply legislative organisation and site requirements and procedures

apply operational safety requirements

read interpret and apply technical information

apply operational planning skills

apply work coordination skills

apply mathematical calculations using addition subtraction multiplication and division

apply workplace communication techniques

apply blasting preparation techniques

apply diagnostic techniques

apply explosives storage handling and transport procedures

apply charging equipment operating procedures

apply hazard identify procedures

apply procedures for identifying nonconformities

apply records and reports maintenance procedures

apply environmental compliance requirements

Required knowledge

Specific knowledge is required to achieve the Performance Criteria of this unit particularly its application in a variety of circumstances in which the unit may be used This includes knowledge of the following as required to conduct underground production shotfiring operations

Australian standards and code of practice

explosives and safety and health legislation

risk management including application of appropriate controls to identified risks

site and equipment safety procedures

site emergency procedures

environmental requirements and procedures including vibration noise dust and chemicals

site environmental requirements and constraints

site geological information

types physical and technical characteristics uses and limitations of explosives and protection measures associated with their use

initiation systems

delayed blasts

cause and management of misfires

nonconforming conditions

nonconformities

explosives disposal methods

blasting management and blast plan requirements

site security plan requirements

site operational procedures

site underground shotfiring procedures

planning processes

explosive handling transportation and storage requirements

equipment characteristics technical capabilities and limitations

startup and shutdown procedures

equipment maintenance procedures

isolation and lock out procedures

analysis of site geological and survey data

selection of appropriate explosives to meet siteground conditions

monitoring and review processes and techniques

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to worksite operations and satisfy all of the requirements of the performance criteria required skills and knowledge and the range statement of this unit and include evidence of the following

knowledge of the requirements procedures and instructions for conducting underground production shotfiring operations

implementation of requirements procedures and techniques for the safe effective and efficient completion of underground production shotfiring operations

working with others to undertake and complete underground production shotfiring operations that meet all of the required outcomes

consistent timely completion of underground production shotfiring operations that safely effectively and efficiently meets the required outcomes

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit must be assessed in the context of the work environment Where personal safety or environmental damage are limiting factors assessment may occur in a simulated environment provided it is realistic and sufficiently rigorous to cover all aspects of workplace performance including task skills task management skills contingency management skills and job role environment skills

The assessment environment should not disadvantage the participant For example language literacy and numeracy demands of assessment should not be greater than those required on the job

Customisation of assessment and delivery environment to sensitively accommodate cultural diversity

Aboriginal people and other people from a non English speaking background may have second language issues

Assessment of this competency requires typical resources normally used in the work environment Selection and use of resources for particular worksites may differ due to site circumstances

Where applicable physical resources should include equipment modified for people with disabilities

Access must be provided to appropriate learning andor assessment support when required

Method of assessment

This unit may be assessed in a holistic way with other units of competency The assessment strategy for this unit must verify required knowledge and skill and practical application using more than one of the following assessment methods

written andor oral assessment of the candidates required knowledge

observed documented andor first hand testimonial evidence of the candidates

implementation of appropriate requirement procedures and techniques for the safe effective and efficient achievement of required outcomes

consistently achieving the required outcomes

first hand testimonial evidence of the candidates

working with others to undertake and complete underground production shotfiring operations

Guidance information for assessment

Consult the SkillsDMC User Guide for further information on assessment including access and equity issues


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Relevant compliance documentation

may include:

legislative, organisation and site requirements and procedures

manufacturer's guidelines and specifications

Australian standards

code of practice

Employment and workplace relations legislation

Equal Employment Opportunity and Disability Discrimination legislation

Blast plan requirements may include:

nature and scope of tasks and achievement targets

site location and layout

location and direction of blast holes

sleeping charges

equipment required

security measures and procedures

monitoring requirements

type and quantity of explosives and

wet or dry holes

stemming material

type and quantity of explosives and accessories

initiation methods

out of bounds areas

operational conditions

coordination requirements or issues

hazards and potential hazards

waste management requirements

environmental control requirements worksite inspection requirements

barricade and signage requirements

obtaining of permits required

equipment availability and/or requirements

plant or equipment defects

transport arrangements and/or requirements

safe storage requirements

public relations requirements

Site inspections may include:

positioning stemming

cleaning up

weather check

fencing/signage and access routes

marking/hole identification

inspection

measuring holes

dewatering holes

Hazards may include:

chemical energy, including:

premature explosion

deterioration of explosives

stored energy

working environment, including:

rock stability and ventilation

weather conditions

insufficient illumination

methane

coal dust

NOX gases

poor road or rail conditions

strata conditions

fire/flames/ignition sources

atmospheric contaminants

dust and fumes

noise

ground conditions, including:

hot ground

scaling

lack of ventilation

extraneous electricity e.g. static electricity, lightning

tipping hazards

debris

air blast and fly

lost holes

radioactivity

water

equipment and materials, including:

faulty explosives

misfires

drilling into misfires

premature explosion

faulty vehicle

faulty equipment

broken detonation leads

high voltage electricity

radio frequencies and transmitters

hot exhaust system

high air and water pressures

hydraulic oil pressure

people, including:

speeding

unauthorised persons

theft

trespassers

processes and procedures, including:

back injuries

drilling in butts

lost holes

Equipment may include:

siren

radios

signs

vehicles approved for carrying dangerous goods and explosives

explosives mixers

pumps

plugs (to seal finished holes prior to loading)

measuring tape

cutting implements

blast monitoring systems

video camera

Support requirements may include

other equipment and their operators

vehicles

public and site notification

Survey of blast area includes:

locate position, direction and incline of blast holes

survey reports

Geological data may include:

rock type

structures

faults

intrusions

weathering

wet and dry holes

hot ground

reactive ground

hot and reactive ground

Calculations may include:

depth of holes

temperatures

water problems

pattern design

types of explosive

BCM

explosives quantity

powder factor

Explosives may include:

high explosives

low explosives

bulk and packaged explosives

deflagrating explosives

permitted explosives

wet or dry

variable density

Accessories may include:

primers

delays

down lines

trunk lines

lead-in lines

detonators and detonator assemblies

detonation mechanisms including:

bell wire and firing lines

delay mechanisms

blasting machines or mains firing equipment

explosives tester

binding tape

fuses and igniter cords

detonators and detonating cord

gas bags

decking

stemming

hole liner

blast monitoring equipment

firing cables / bell wire

exploders and testers

electronic firing equipment

specialist tools

initiators

Inventory control systems may include:

types and quantities of explosives

shelf life

distribution records

Dispose of explosives may include:

burning by the shotfirers on site

detonation in a production drill hole

detonation in a controlled manner

return to supplier or delivery or surrender to an Explosives Inspector for destruction

Secure blast area sometimes referred to as 'exclusion zones', may be marked or delineated by one or more of the following:

signage

windrow

bund wall

ribbon

tape

witches hats

ropes

flags or pegs

sentries

gates

Non-conforming conditions may include:

misfires

blockages

break through

deviation

undercut

ground conditions

ventilation

water/wet holes

hot ground

Pre-blasting procedures may include:

warnings

sentries

area clearance

Blast initiation systems may include:

safety fuse

detonating cord

non-electric detonator

electric detonator

electronic detonator

remote firing

Misfires may be caused by:

faulty explosives or accessories

damaged or deteriorated explosives or accessories

improperly assembled explosives components

inappropriate or incomplete combinations of components

operator error or inexperience

inattention to detail or ignorance

environmental influences, e.g. wet weather or poor visibility

Post-blast coordination may include:

the return of unused explosives

the return of other equipment

the withdrawing sentries

removal of signs

turning off safety devices

ventilation of area

collection of environmental monitoring equipment

recording of environmental monitoring data

maintenance which may include:

testing of exploders

servicing of mixing equipment

maintenance of hand tools

operational maintenance of bulk delivery equipment

Damaged and deteriorated explosives may be identified by:

exudation

efflorescence

sweating

liquefaction

hardening

softening

discolouration

crystallisation

staining

damage to wrappers and carcasses

damage to containers

physical wear and tear

kinking

abrasions and cuts

crushing

loss of identification labels and markings

exposure to the elements.