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Follow the links below to find material targeted to the unit's elements, performance criteria, required skills and knowledge

Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Consolidate understanding of exercise science principles.
   • Source and access information on exercise science principles relevant to fitness outcomes.
   • Discuss/explain how understanding of exercise science principles contribute to safe/optimum technique and skill development.
   • Use a wide range of terminology relevant to exercise science principles and fitness outcomes.
2. Apply knowledge to own professional practice.
   • Assess ways in which knowledge of exercise science principles may be used, adapted or challenged in instruction and provision of fitness advice.
   • Identify current and emerging knowledge of exercise science principles relevant to development of own professional practice.
   • Use knowledge of exercise science principles in day-to-day professional practice.
   • Modify approach to fitness programming activities and advice as required.
3. Maintain and update knowledge of exercise science principles.
   • Identify and use opportunities to update and expand own knowledge of exercise science principles.
   • Monitor response to changes made to own professional practice or instruction.
   • Continue to adjust own practice to optimise results.
4. Consolidate understanding of exercise science principles.
   • Source and access information on exercise science principles relevant to fitness outcomes.
   • Discuss/explain how understanding of exercise science principles contribute to safe/optimum technique and skill development.
   • Use a wide range of terminology relevant to exercise science principles and fitness outcomes.
5. Apply knowledge to own professional practice.
   • Assess ways in which knowledge of exercise science principles may be used, adapted or challenged in instruction and provision of fitness advice.
   • Identify current and emerging knowledge of exercise science principles relevant to development of own professional practice.
   • Use knowledge of exercise science principles in day-to-day professional practice.
   • Modify approach to fitness programming activities and advice as required.
6. Maintain and update knowledge of exercise science principles.
   • Identify and use opportunities to update and expand own knowledge of exercise science principles.
   • Monitor response to changes made to own professional practice or instruction.
   • Continue to adjust own practice to optimise results.

Performance Evidence

Evidence of the ability to complete tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit in the context of the job role. This must include period(s) totalling at least five hours comprising at least five different client contact sessions in a mixture of controlled and uncontrolled environments, and:

effectively use knowledge of exercise science principles to improve own instructional practice to plan and instruct at least five different client sessions

conduct sessions that individually or cumulatively incorporate:

a variety of exercises which are targeted at health- and skill-related components of fitness, for achieving improvements and adaptations in:

muscle contractility and force

bone strength

nervous system activation

submaximal and resting heart rates

cardiovascular system adaptations

variations of exercise

with and without equipment

exercises to change:

joint action

stabilisation of the body

forces which act on the body during exercise

variations in the contribution of energy from three different energy systems

consideration of:

musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology

mechanical principles

physiology concepts.

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Knowledge Evidence

Demonstrated knowledge required to complete the tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit:

organisational policies and procedures in relation to:

work health and safety/occupational health and safety

confidentiality of client information

ethical considerations

industry endorsed client pre-exercise health screening processes

industry endorsed risk stratification procedures, exercise implications and referral requirements

the physiology related to achieving improvements in the following health-related components of fitness:

body composition

flexibility

muscle strength

muscle endurance

cardiorespiratory endurance

the physiology related to achieving improvements in the following skill-related components of fitness:

balance

agility

power

speed

reaction time

coordination

proprioception

musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology related to achieving improvements in fitness:

structure and function of the skeleton

joints in the skeleton

cellular structure of muscle fibres

sliding filament theory

effects of different types of exercises on muscle fibre types

muscle attachment sites for the major muscles of the body

structure, range of motion and function of muscles, muscle groups and directional terms

location and function of skeletal muscle involved in physical activity

anatomical axis and planes with regard to joint actions and different exercises

joint actions brought about by specific muscle group contractions

joints/joint structure with regard to range of motion/movement and injury risk

joint movement potential and joint actions

the specific roles of the nervous system in controlling skeletal muscle:

the central nervous system

the peripheral nervous system including somatic and autonomic nervous systems

nervous control and transmission of a nervous impulse

structure and function of a neuron

role of a motor unit

function of muscle proprioceptors and the stretch reflect

reciprocal inhibition and its relevance to exercise

the neuromuscular adaptations associated with exercise training

the benefits of improved neuromuscular coordination/efficiency to exercise performance

concepts and principles of mechanics relevant to fitness:

forces which act on the body during exercise

common biomechanical terms

lever system in the body

structure and function of the stabilising ligaments and muscles of the spine

the local muscle changes that can take place due to insufficient stabilisation

the potential effects of poor posture on movement efficiency

the potential problems that can occur as a result of postural deviations

the benefits, risks and applications of the following types of stretching: static (passive and active) and dynamic

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)

different exercises that can improve posture

concepts and principles of the physiology of the body in relation to fitness:

the function of heart valves

coronary circulation

short and long term effects of exercise on blood pressure

the effects of exercise on bones and joints including the significance of weight bearing exercise

delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

exercises or techniques likely to cause delayed onset muscle soreness

the short and long term effects of different types of exercise on muscle

the benefits and limitations of different methods of monitoring exercise intensity including: talk test, rate of perceived exertion

heart rate monitoring and the use of different hear t rate zones

physiological responses to physical activity in various environmental conditions

the expected physiological responses, and appropriate action, to:

a single bout of exercise

physical activity in various environmental conditions

long term exercise programs

scope of practice for a personal trainer.

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