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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Support clients to undertake exercise behaviour change.
  2. Implement strategies to improve client exercise adherence
  3. Apply a variety of motivational techniques when training clients.

Required Skills

Required skills

communication skills appropriate to

discuss client needs

negotiate strategies for behaviour change and exercise adherence

provide clear and accurate information about exercise behaviour

problemsolving skills to

analyse clients information and

select motivational strategies appropriate to individual client social and cultural differences needs barriers and other influences

literacy and numeracy skills to enable the completion of questionnaires records and other related documentation

Required knowledge

behavioural strategies to enhance exercise health behaviour change and lifestyle modifications

stages of motivational readiness and processes of change

types of motivation theory of achievement motivation and specific techniques to enhance motivation

role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in exercise behaviour

methods of evaluating selfmotivation selfefficacy and readiness for behaviour change

arousal and anxiety theory and its relationship to exercise performance adherence and behaviour change

goal setting techniques

general characteristics of the main social and cultural groups in Australian society and the key aspects that relate to their cultural and religious protocols and preferences for exercise

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Evidence of the following is essential

provides individualised strategies to promote a positive exercise behaviour change in clients

implements effectively a range of short and long term motivational strategies suited to the individual client and the exercise situation

utilises appropriate motivational theory in exercise situations when instructing clients

demonstrates effective use of verbal and non verbal aspects of communication to motivate clients

analyse the physical environment of a fitness venue and how that impacts on client behaviour then adopt appropriate motivational techniques that meet the needs of the client

demonstrates appropriate manner empathy and patience when working with clients embarking on a behaviour change

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment must ensure demonstration of skills over a period of time within a facility where a variety of exercise modes and equipment are available to support exercise behaviour change

Assessment must also ensure access to

a range of clients of different ages and with different client needs

appropriate documentation and resources normally used in the workplace such as organisational policies and procedures

demonstration of skills on sufficient occasions to determine competence in implementing a variety of motivational strategies to effect behaviour change and exercise adherence

Method of assessment

A range of assessment methods should be used to assess practical skills and knowledge The following examples are appropriate for this unit

observation of consulting with clients to determine personal and situational factors affecting clients exercise behaviour and attitude towards exercise providing guidance about exercise behaviour and adherence and implementing suitable motivational strategies when training clients

observation of dealing effectively with a range of contingencies such as poor performance discontinuation of exercise and client setbacks

oral or written questioning to assess knowledge of the motivational psychology theory

thirdparty reports from a supervisor detailing work performance

Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role is recommended for example

SISFFITA Plan and deliver exercise programs to support desired body composition outcomes

SISFFIT420A Plan and deliver exercise programs to support desired body composition outcomes

SISFFITA Plan and deliver personal training

SISFFIT421A Plan and deliver personal training


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Behaviour change models may include but are not restricted to:

health belief model

transtheoretical model

motivational change model

social cognitive model

theory of planned behaviour

relapse prevention model.

Processes of change may include:

cognitive processes

behavioural processes.

Cultural and social difficulties may include:

modes of greeting, farewelling and conversation

body language, including use of body gestures

formality of language

clothing.

Strategies to improve exercise adherence may include:

prompts

contracting

perceived choice

reinforcement

feedback

rewards

self monitoring

goal setting

social support

decision balance sheet

physical setting

exercise variety

minimised discomfort and injury

group training

enjoyment

periodic fitness and health assessment

progress charts.

Determinants of exercise adherence may include:

personal factors:

demographic variables

cognitive variables

personality variables

behaviours

cultural

environmental factors:

social environment

physical environment

physical activity characteristics:

exercise intensity and duration

group vs. individual activity

type

instructor or trainer qualities.

Barriers to exercise may include:

lack of time

lack of energy

lack of motivation

excessive cost

illness or injury

feeling uncomfortable

lack of skill

fear of injury

fear of safety

lack of child care

insufficient access

lack of support

lack of transportation.

Basic counselling approaches may include:

active listening

body language

tone

asking questions

paraphrasing

summarising

note taking.

Information about client's attitude towards exercise may include:

client expectations

coping techniques

defence mechanisms

belief systems and values

social support systems

stage of readiness for change.

Stage of readiness for change may include:

precontemplation

contemplation

preparation

action

maintenance

relapse.

Goal setting may include:

short, medium and long terms goals

SMART goals

specific

measurable

achievable

realistic

time appropriate

outcome, process and performance goals

goal achievement strategies

goal support

evaluation and feedback

recording goals

linked to personality and motivation.

Arousal and anxiety theory may include:

drive theory

inverted 'u' hypothesis

individual zones of optimal functioning

catastrophic model

multidimensional anxiety theory

reversal theory.

Arousal control techniques may include:

anxiety management

progressive relaxation

stress management

visualisation

self talk.

Components of motivation may include:

direction of effort

intensity of effort

persistence of behaviour.

Verbal communication may include:

voice

inflection

emphasis

fluency

tone

tempo

resonance.

Non verbal communication may include:

body language

movement

facial expression

eye contact

gestures

posture

sign language

touching.

Behaviour change may include:

changes to exercise behaviour

changes to dietary intake

lifestyles changes.

Personal and situational factors may include:

personality

self concept

habits

lifestyle

family situation.