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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Prepare to solve single and three phase low voltage machines problems.
  2. Solve single and three phase low voltage machine problems.
  3. Complete work and document problem solving activities.

Required Skills

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of safe working practices and solving problems in single and three phase low voltage machines

The knowledge and skills shall be contextualised to current industry standards technologies and practices

KSEGA Single and threephase transformers

Evidence shall show an understanding of single and three phase transformers to an extent indicated by the following aspects

T Transformer construction encompassing

types of lamination style and core construction used in singlephase three phase double wound auto transformers and instrument transformers

identification of different winding stylestypes used in transformers

methods used to insulate low and high voltage transformers

construction of transformer tanks for distribution transformers

transformer auxiliary equipment Bushings surgediverters tapchangers hot oil amp winding indicators breather Buchholz relay and conservator

function of transformer auxiliary equipment

types of information stated on transformer nameplates

application of transformers

performing basic insulation resistance continuity and winding identification tests

T Transformer operation encompassing

principles of mutual induction of a transformer

factors that determine the induced voltage in a transformer winding

determining the value of a transformers secondary voltage and current given one windings electrical details and turns ratio

identification of voltage and current components of a phasor diagram for a transformer on noload

principles of power transferred from the primary to secondary when a load is connected using a phasor diagram neglecting impedance drops

selecting transformers for specific applications

safety features specified in ASNZS with respect to transformers and isolating transformers

T Transformer losses efficiency and cooling encompassing

power losses which occur in a transformer

tests which allow the power losses of a transformer to be determine

determination of transformer losses and efficiency using test results

relationship between transformer cooling and rating

methods used for natural and forced cooling of transformers

properties of transformer oil

tests conducted on transformer oil

T Transformer voltage regulation and percent impedance encompassing

voltage regulation as applicable to a transformer

reasons for voltage variation in the output of a transformer

determine the voltage regulation of a transformer from voltage and percentage impedance values

percentage impedance as applied to transformers

determine the percent impedance by using test results

determine percent impedance of a transformer by calculation

T Parallel operation of transformers and transformer auxiliary equipment encompassing

determine polarity markings for an unidentified single phase double wound transformer

need for parallel operation of transformers

conditionsrestrictions required before two transformers can be connected in parallel

connecting transformers in parallel to supply a single load loading on transformers operating in parallel

the consequenceseffect of an incorrect connection

T Autotransformers and instrument transformers encompassing

identification of autotransformers voltage transformers and current transformers from their winding diagrams

determining voltage and current in the windings of an autotransformer by calculation

advantages and disadvantages of an autotransformer

ASNZS requirements with respect to transformers

construction of voltage transformers

ratings of voltage transformers

construction of current transformers

ratings of current transformers

precautionary measures taken to connect and disconnect instrument transformers

connection diagrams for instrument transformers

applications for autotransformers and instrument transformers

KSEGA Alternating current rotating machines

Evidence shall show an understanding of alternating current rotating machines to an extent indicated by the following aspects

T Operating Principles of three phase induction motors encompassing

determining circuit operating characteristics by using the right hand grip rule for conductors and solenoids and Flemings left and right hand rules

characteristics of the magnetic field produced by a single two and threephase windings

speed of rotation of a rotating magnetic field

relationship between the rotor speed slip and rotor frequency

basic principle of operation of an induction motor

reversing the direction of rotation of a three phase induction motor

T Three phase induction motor construction encompassing

basic component parts of a threephase induction motor

types of rotors used in threephase induction motors

connecting threephase induction motor in both star and delta

dismantling threephase induction motors

testing insulation resistance of a threephase induction motor prior to connection to the supply

testing winding resistance ohmic value and continuity of a threephase induction motor prior to connection to the supply

T Three phase induction motor characteristics encompassing

relationship between torque speed and power and interpretation of speedtorque curves of induction motors

squirrel cage motors operating characteristics conditions necessary for an induction motor to produce maximum torque

operating characteristics of an induction motor from name plate information and by measurement

induction motors efficiency and minimum energy performance standards MEPS

full load efficiency and power factor of induction motors

T Single phase motors split phase encompassing

common types of single phase motor

principles of operation of a split phase induction motor

construction and basic characteristics of a split phase induction motor

applications of split phase induction motors

connecting running and reversing a split phase induction motor

T Single phase motors capacitor and shaded pole types encompassing

identification of single phase induction motors including capacitor start capacitor startcapacitor run permanent split capacitor PSC and shaded pole

principles of operation of each motor type listed above

operating characteristics and typical applications of each motor type listed above

connection and running each type of motor listed

reversing the direction of rotation of each of the capacitor type motors

T Single phase motors universal encompassing

principles of operation of a series universal motor

identification and functions of each of the basic parts of a series universal motor

operating characteristics and typical uses for a series universal motor

connecting running and reversing a series universal motor

T Motor protection encompassing

reasons why motor protection is required

requirements of the ASNZS Wiring rules with regards to motor protection

types of motor overload protection

operating principles of microtherm devices thermal and magnetic motor protection devices

electrical features of motor protection HRC fuses

effects of under voltage and over voltage on motors and motor circuits

effects of repetitive starting andor reversing on motors

special requirements for motor protection in high humidity or moist environments high temperature areas and corrosive atmospheres

operating principles of phase failure protection

selecting suitable protective devices for a given motor and starter combination

T Three phase synchronous machines operation principles and construction encompassing

power transfer diagram of an ac synchronous machine

need for the generation of a sinusoidal waveform

principles of operation of a synchronous alternator

principles of operation of a synchronous motor

principles of operation of an asynchronous generator induction generator

identification of main parts of a synchronous alternatormotor

methods used to provide the excitation of a synchronous alternatormotor

block diagram of an alternator voltage regulator

advantages gained by the parallel operation of alternators

starting methods of synchronous motors

T Alternators and generators encompassing

effects on the generated voltage of variations in excitation

effects on generated voltage of variations in load

identification of characteristic curves of an alternator

types of prime movers used with single and three phase portablestandby alternators

manual operation of single and three phase portablestandby alternators

ratings of single and three phase portablestandby alternators

applications of single and three phase portablestandby alternators

construction details of single and three phase portablestandby alternators

common faults found in portablestandby alternators

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria Required Skills and Knowledge the Range Statement and the Assessment Guidelines for this Training Package

The Evidence Guide forms an integral part of this unit It must be used in conjunction with all parts of this unit and performed in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Overview of Assessment

Longitudinal competency development approaches to assessment such as Profiling require data to be reliably gathered in a form that can be consistently interpreted over time This approach is best utilised in Apprenticeship programs and reduces assessment intervention It is the Industrys preferred model for apprenticeships However where summative or final assessment is used it is to include the application of the competency in the normal work environment or at a minimum the application of the competency in a realistically simulated work environment It is recognised that in some circumstances assessment in part or full can occur outside the workplace However it must be in accordance with industry and regulatory policy

Methods chosen for a particular assessment will be influenced by various factors These include the extent of the assessment the most effective locations for the assessment activities to take place access to physical resources additional safety measures that may be required and the critical nature of the competencies being assessed

The critical safety nature of working with electricity electrical equipment gas or any other hazardous substancematerial carries risk in deeming a person competent Sources of evidence need to be rich in nature to minimise error in judgment

Activities associated with normal every day work have a bearing on the decision as to how much and how detailed the data gathered will contribute to its richness Some skills are more critical to safety and operational requirements while the same skills may be more or less frequently practised These points are raised for the assessors to consider when choosing an assessment method and developing assessment instruments Sample assessment instruments are included for Assessors in the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Critical aspects of evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Before the critical aspects of evidence are considered all prerequisites shall be met

Evidence for competence in this unit shall be considered holistically Each element and associated performance criteria shall be demonstrated on at least two occasions in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines UEE Evidence shall also comprise

A representative body of performance criteria demonstrated within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline work function and industrial environment In particular this shall incorporate evidence that shows a candidate is able to

Implement Occupational Health and Safety workplace procedures and practices including the use of risk control measures as specified in the performance criteria and range statement

Apply sustainable energy principles and practices as specified in the performance criteria and range statement

Demonstrate an understanding of the essential knowledge and associated skills as described in this unit It may be required by some jurisdictions that RTOs provide a percentile graded result for the purpose of regulatory or licensing requirements

Demonstrate an appropriate level of skills enabling employment

Conduct work observing the relevant Anti Discrimination legislation regulations polices and workplace procedures

Demonstrated consistent performance across a representative range of contexts from the prescribed items below

Solve problems in single and three phase low voltage machines as described as described in and including

A

Determining the operating parameters of existing machines

B

Altering an existing machine to comply with specified operating parameters

C

Developing machinescircuits to comply with a specified function and operating parameters

D

Determining the cause of low efficiency in an existing machine

E

Determining conditions causing an existing circuit to be unsafe

F

Dealing with unplanned events

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit should be assessed as it relates to normal work practice using procedures information and resources typical of a workplace This should include

OHS policy and work procedures and instructions

Suitable work environment facilities equipment and materials to undertake actual work as prescribed by this unit

These should be part of the formal learningassessment environment

Note

Where simulation is considered a suitable strategy for assessment conditions must be authentic and as far as possible reproduce and replicate the workplace and be consistent with the approved industry simulation policy

The resources used for assessment should reflect current industry practices in relation to solving problems in single and three phase low voltage machines

Method of assessment

This unit shall be assessed by methods given in Volume Part Assessment Guidelines

Note Competent performance with inherent safe working practices is expected in the industry to which this unit applies This requires assessment in a structured environment which is primarily intended for learningassessment and incorporates all necessary equipment and facilities for learners to develop and demonstrate the essential knowledge and skills described in this unit

Concurrent assessment and relationship with other units

There are no concurrent assessment recommendations for this unit

The critical aspects of occupational health and safety covered in unit UEENEEEB and other discipline specific occupational health and safety units shall be incorporated in relation to this unit

The critical aspects of occupational health and safety covered in unit UEENEEE001B and other discipline specific occupational health and safety units shall be incorporated in relation to this unit.


Range Statement

8) This relates to the unit as a whole providing the range of contexts and conditions to which the performance criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

This unit shall be demonstrated in relation to any four of the following problems in single and three-phase low voltage machine and circuits.

Determining the operating parameters of existing machines

Altering an existing machine circuit to comply with specified operating parameters

Developing machine circuits to comply with a specified function and operating parameters

Note:
Operating parameters include voltage, current, torque, efficiency, power, energy and power factor

Determining the cause of low efficiency in an existing machine.

Determining problems in existing machines to malfunction

Note:
Problems include bearing noise/faults, vibration, undervoltage, unbalanced windings

Determining conditions causing an existing machine/circuit to be unsafe.

Note:
Examples of unsafe circuits includes electric shock hazard from indirect contract with conductive parts, insufficiently low impedance of a fault current path and inadequate fault protection

Generic terms used throughout this Vocational Standard shall be regarded as part of the Range Statement in which competency is demonstrated. The definition of these and other terms that apply are given in Volume 2, Part 2.1.