Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills EKAS This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of designing transmission subtransmission and zone substation protection and control systems All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies KSTDSA Power system transmission and subtransmission protection and control KS01-TDS54A Power system transmission and sub-transmission protection and control Evidence shall show an understanding of designing power system transmission and subtransmission protection and control to an extent indicated by the following aspects T Feeder automation system encompassing Function of feeder automation system and the main components Operation procedure for a remote field device from a local control station Functions of System Control and Date Acquisition SCADA or any other relevant Data Acquisition and Control systems and its main components SCADA system security interlocks and access restrictions SCADA system operation when switching apparatus or retrieving data via a remote access device such as Remote Access Terminal RAT Dial Up Voice Annunciated System and Local Control Station Function of the main components of a localremote control system Operation of a field devices using SCADA systems via a Remote Access Terminal RAT Dial Up Annunciated System and Local Control Station T Commissioning procedures associated with discrete protection and control systems encompassing Standards codes CommonwealthStateTerritory legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with the commissioning procedures Requirements for the use of commissioning manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Techniques in commissioning procedures planning and policy testing techniques and close out requirements T Design principles of Substation LV AC and DC supply systems encompassing Standards codes Commonwealth StateTerritorylocal government legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements Wiring conventions systems and labelling conventions Substation equipment identification and layout wiring and schematic diagrams and other appropriate diagrammatic representations LV design specifications supply requirements electrical load assessments Substation LV system distribution requirements including substation batteries isolation requirements paralleling requirements battery chargers DC distribution panels and control systems AC distribution panels and control systems and Auto changeover requirements Control equipment and auxiliary relays flags and alarms Common panel layouts T Design principles of Substation control systems encompassing Standards codes Commonwealth StateTerritorylocal government legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements Wiring conventions systems and labelling conventions Substation equipment identification and layout wiring and schematic diagrams and other appropriate diagrammatic representations Control system design specifications functions and alarms Substation control system requirements which may include Circuit breaker control auto reclose pole discrepancy anti hunting spring charge timer over run Transformer control parallel operations cooling control masterslave operation tap changer control alarm systems Reactive plant control systems over voltageunder voltage under frequency load shed VAR control T Commissioning procedures associated with distribution protection and control systems encompassing Standards codes CommonwealthStateTerritory legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with the commissioning procedures Requirements for the use of commissioning manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Techniques in commissioning procedures planning policy and testing techniques Close out requirements T Operation and maintenance procedures associated with voltage regulation schemes encompassing Standards codes CommonwealthStateTerritory legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with the operating procedures Requirements for the use of operating manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Principles of operation and operating sequences including voltage control VAR control Live BusDead Bus synchronising checks tap changer principles requirements for parallel operation settings and grading Techniques associated with isolation requirements enterprise maintenance requirements setting checks LV injections and electrical measurements Ancillary equipment which may include transducers Buswire schemes tap position indicators localremote control systems alarm systems Voltage regulation scheme types including electro mechanical microprocessor or combinations of both T Types and applications of test equipment encompassing Standards codes Commonwealth StateTerritory and local government legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to the use and application of electrical andor electronic test equipment Types and applications of test equipment used on discrete protection scheme Techniques in the use of test equipment electronic test equipment Doble and Ohmnicrome gas injection equipment manufactures test equipment multimeters phase angle meters and meggers T Electrical equipment associated with distribution field device protection and control schemes encompassing Types and applications of electrical equipment characteristics and capabilities note examples include the following schemes automatic circuit reclosers ACRs gas switches secondary injection tests primary injection tests TMR Radios SCADA remote control overcurrent earth fault sensitive earth fault inverse time curves definite time curves tripping reclose DC supplies AC supplies and alarms T Circuit breaker auxiliary systems encompassing Types and characteristics of high pressure air systems including air storage and air handling processes Types and characteristics of DC systems including battery types charging systems protection systems Types and characteristics of special ambient gases SF systems including gas conditioning storage and handling systems Types and characteristics of vacuum interrupters Types and characteristics of oil filled and oil handling T Detailed operation and setting of discrete protection systems encompassing Earth fault protection master earth leakage schemes sensitive earth fault relays and schemes residual earth fault scheme core balance earth fault scheme framestructure earth leakage scheme time graded discrimination backup protection Overcurrent protection feeder overcurrent protection instantaneous overcurrent schemes inverse timed overcurrent schemes types and location of components of an overcurrent scheme CT summation time graded discrimination backup protection Alarms and controls auxiliary relays voltage regulating relays line drop compensation gas relay types gas relay scheme operation and setting over temperature schemes T Detailed operation of interdependent protection systems encompassing Overcurrent and earth leakage schemes including intertripping interlocking and blocking logic mapping master control elctromechanical electronic shading coils Pilot wire phase comparison opposed voltage schemes circulating current schemes location of components of a scheme pilot supervisory techniques Load shedding voltage control parallel operation load rejection Busbar Protection and CB failure protection Reclose system applications single shot multishot blocking schemes synchronisation checking T Detailed operation of complex protection systems encompassing Distance characteristics electromechanical electronic impedance mho offset mho switched schemes nonswitched schemes blocking schemes bus zone Differential transformer differential bus overcurrent principles feeder protection transformer protection bias systems harmonic restraint CT connections bus protection low impedance schemes high impedance schemes bus overcurrent schemes generator protection CT connections special considerations digital systems Types of revenue metering Applications of SCADA Complex protection systems for communications Harmonic control Point on wave switching T Detailed operation of fundamental test equipment encompassing Care and safe use Operating principles Comparison of different operating principle meters used for the same purpose Accuracy and loading effects of meters measurement of voltage current power resistance insulation resistance impedance and phase sequence and the use of oscilloscopes T Detailed operation of protection test equipment encompassing Care and safe use Operating principles Comparison of different operating principle meters used for the same purpose Accuracy and loading effects of meters measurement of timing voltage current resistance inductance capacitance impedance frequency phase angle phase difference and the use of primary secondary and gas injection equipment T Detailed operation of control equipment test equipment encompassing Care and safe use Operating principles Comparing of different control system methods and equipment for the same purpose circuit breaker isolators On Load Tap Changer pumps fans fire systems T Protection schemes encompassing Standards codes legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to protection schemes Types of protection schemes encompassing reasons for use application of protection zones around system elements and degree of protection Types of feeder protection equipment over current protection inverse timecurrent operating characteristics Operation of over current protection equipment used on distribution systems Operation of ACRs and their timecurrent characteristics Types and characteristics of overcurrent relays Coordination methods of a distribution feeder protection scheme Earth fault protection used on a distribution feeder Operation of a single wire earth return SWER system T Principles of transmission subtransmission and zone substation control and protection designs encompassing Commonwealth StateTerritory and local government legislation Standards codes supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to the substation design management principles Requirements for the use of the substation system construction manuals system diagramsplans and drawings and for plans such as work method statements for the control of OHS risks Types of drawings to be produced AC and DC circuit diagrams panel layouts connection diagrams label lists and control cable schedules Types of control and protection designs parameters protection and control systems implemented to suit statutory and organisational requirements AC and DC circuit diagrams correct and documented SCADA hardwired and serially communicated signals metering load control power factor control AC and DC supplies protection and control panel layouts and control cable termination diagrams |