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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to locate faults in underground power cables
   • Works schedule(s), including cable specifications and standards, cable route data, history, and characteristics, drawings, plans, requirements, established procedures, and material lists, are received, analysed and confirmed, if necessary, by site inspection.
   • Relevant requirements and established procedures for the work are communicated to all personnel and identified for all work sites.
   • OHS policies and procedures related to requirements and established procedures for the location of faults in underground power cables are obtained and confirmed for the purposes of the work to be performed and communicated.
   • Work is prioritised and sequenced following consultation with others for completion within acceptable timeframes and in accordance with established procedures.
   • Hazards are identified, OHS risks assessed and control measures are prioritised, implemented and monitored including emergency exits kept clear according to established procedures.
   • Relevant work permits are obtained to access and perform work according to requirements and/or established procedures.
   • Resources including personnel, equipment, tools and personal protective equipment required for the job are obtained and confirmed in working order.
   • Test equipment is assembled and checked for calibration status as per established procedures.
   • Cable fault location test procedures/plan is prepared taking account the range of tests required and according to requirements/established procedures.
   • Relevant personnel at worksite are confirmed current in First Aid, and other related work procedures according to requirements.
   • Liaison and communication issues with other/authorised personnel, authorities, clients and land owners are resolved to carry out work where necessary.
   • Site is prepared according to the work schedule and to minimise risk and damage to property, commerce, and individuals in accordance with established procedures.
   • Personnel participating in the work, including plant operators and contractors, are fully briefed and respective responsibilities confirmed where applicable in accordance with established procedures.
   • Road signs, barriers and warning devices are positioned in accordance with requirements.
2. Carry out the location of faults in underground power cables
   • OHS and sustainable energy principles and practices to reduce the incidents of accidents and minimise waste are monitored and followed in accordance with requirements and/or established procedures.
   • Lifting, climbing, working in confined spaces and aloft, and use of power tools/equipment, techniques and practices are safely followed and, currency according to requirements confirmed.
   • Essential knowledge and associated skills are applied for the safe location of faults in underground power cables, to ensure completion in an agreed timeframe and, to quality standards with a minimum of waste according to requirements.
   • Cable is tested to determine the location of the relevant faults according to the work schedule, cable fault location test procedures/plan and requirements/established procedures.
   • Hazard warnings and safety signs are recognised and hazards and assessed OHS risks are reported to the immediate authorised persons for directions according to established procedures.
   • Unplanned events in the location of faults in underground power cables are undertaken within the scope of established procedures.
   • Known solutions to a variety of problems are applied using acquired essential knowledge and associated skills.
   • Ongoing checks of quality of the work are undertaken in accordance with instructions and established procedures.
3. Complete the location of faults in underground power cables
   • Work undertaken is checked against works schedule for conformance with requirements and anomalies reported in accordance with established procedures Test results are interpreted to determine the cable fault location, the type of fault and/or possible cause.
   • Accidents and/or injuries are reported in accordance with requirements/established procedures, where applicable.
   • Work site is rehabilitated, cleaned up and made safe in accordance with established procedures.
   • Tools, equipment and any surplus resources and materials are, where appropriate, cleaned, checked and returned to storage in accordance with established procedures.
   • Relevant work permit(s) are signed off and, cable/site are returned to service in accordance with requirements.
   • Works completion records, reports, as installed /modified drawing and/or documentation and information are finalised and processed and appropriate personnel notified.

Required Skills

Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills EKAS This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of locating faults in underground power cables All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies KSTISA Power system underground power cables fault finding KS01-TIS58A Power system underground power cables fault finding Evidence shall show an understanding of the locating of faults in power system underground power cables to an extent indicated by the following aspects T Installation of underground cable encompassing Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Safety precautions specific to the installation of underground cable excavation and trench safety regulations gas detection procedures working in confined spaces personal protective equipment hazards for the use of LPG equipment for jointing of underground cable gas bottle testing procedures permit to work systems and isolation procedures Trench excavation and reinstatement procedures Installation of underground cable procedures types of tools and equipment methods of installing conduits methods of installing cables and sealing cable ends direct buried ducts cleated and racked Procedures for the safe use of LPG equipment for cable jointing T Location of cable faults in underground power cables encompassing Standards codes legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements Types of faults Methods of locating faults Murray loop test Fisher connection of Murray loop modified Fisher connection Varley loop test time domain reflectometer TDR differential TDR radar digital arc reflection differential digital arc reflection current impulse test differential current impulse decay differential decay pool of potential in earth POPIE radio detection capacitance inductance test pending faults thermography and cablejoint temperature measurement cable location devicesequipment and methods signal generatorreceiver phasing methods using megger current injection cable stabbing techniquescable identification Low voltage energised working practices regulations working methods insulating glove bare hand work procedures specialist equipment Safety precautions specific to working near conductors safe working practices and procedures working in confined spaces permit to work systems and isolation procedures T Jointing and termination of LV polymeric cable encompassing Standards codes legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the jointing of LV polymeric cables Types of cables single core multi core and XLPE insulation Methods of cable handling direct laid cables duct laid cables solid laid cables cables supported in cleats or hangers corrosion protection minimum bending radius of cables Methods of cable sealing shorting of cables cores core of unterminated cables methods of protection from corrosion polymeric sheathed cables sealing with mastic lined heat shrink caps buried sealed ends Types of jointing tools general hand tools compression tools Techniques in the use of LPG safety precautions personal protective equipment general maintenance and repair Safety precautions when cable jointing working in confined spaces permit to work systems and isolation procedures emergency rescueresponse including First Aid T LV polymeric cable jointing principles encompassing Techniques in jointing LV XLPE cables straight through joint jointing different types of cable and service and street light cable joints Techniques in terminating LV XLPE pole top terminations substation terminations distribution pillar columncubicle terminations and service and street light cable terminations Techniques in repairing LV XLPE cable different types of damage repairs to sheath repairs to cores Methods of testing cable after jointing T Standards codes legislation supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the jointing of HV underground polymeric cables T HV underground polymeric cables requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals system diagramsplans and drawings encompassing Characteristics of different types of cables and components Purpose of stress control Applications of various tools and equipment for HV jointing T Procedure for isolating HV underground polymeric cables encompassing Method for proving safe to work Earthing procedures T Techniques in jointing HV underground polymeric cable encompassing Short circuit cores and seal cable Straight through Trifurcating T Techniques in HV underground polymeric cable terminations encompassing Pole top termination Substationswitchgear termination ABC termination Telcon termination T Procedures for repairing HV underground polymeric cables encompassing Location of faults Types of damage Techniques to repairs to sheath Techniques to repairs to core T Jointing LV paper leadlead type cables encompassing Requirements for the use of enterprise manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Types of tools and equipment Types of LV cables Structure of LV PLY cables Techniques for lead wiping Technique for preparing and jointing LV lead sheathed paper insulated cables Installation methods of LV straight joint Inspection and repair procedures to outer sheath of lead sheathed LV cable Techniques in terminating LV lead sheathed paper insulated cables Methods of testing cable after jointing T HV paper lead cable jointing principles encompassing Requirements for the use of enterprise manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Types of tools equipment Types of HV cables Structure of HV cables Technique for the installation of transition joint between XLPE and lead sheathed paper insulated cables Technique for the jointing terminating and repairing of HV paper lead insulated cables Methods of testing cable after jointing T Underground cables construction and types encompassing Safety precautions specific to handling underground cables Requirements for the use of enterprise manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Types and applications of UC Construction types and structures of underground cables Characteristics of different types of underground cables Ratings T Aluminium and lead cable sheathed jointing procedures encompassing Safety precautions specific to handling and jointing underground aluminium and lead cable including provision of OHS information such as material safety data sheets MSDS Requirements for the use of enterprise manuals system diagramsplans and drawings Construction and structures of aluminium and lead cable underground cables Characteristics of aluminium and lead cable Ratings Techniques in the jointing of aluminium and lead sheathed cable Methods of testing cable after jointing

Evidence Required

This provides essential advice for assessment of the unit of competency and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria and the range statement of the unit of competency and the Training Package Assessment Guidelines The Evidence Guide forms an integral part of this Competency Standard Unit and shall be used in conjunction with all component parts of this unit and performed in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Overview of Assessment

Longitudinal competency development approaches to assessment such as Profiling require data to be reliably gathered in a form that can be consistently interpreted over time This approach is best utilised in Apprenticeship programs and reduces assessment intervention It is the Industrys preferred model for apprenticeships However where summative or final assessment is used it is to include the application of the competency in the normal work environment or at a minimum the application of the competency in a realistically simulated work environment It is recognised that in some circumstances assessment in part or full can occur outside the workplace However it must be in accord with Industry and Regulatory policy in this regard Methods chosen for a particular assessment will be influenced by various factors These include the extent of the assessment the most effective locations for the assessment activities to take place access to physical resources additional safety measures that may be required and the critical nature of the competencies being assessed The critical safety nature of working with electricity electrical equipment gas or any other hazardous substancematerial carries risk in deeming a person competent Hence sources of evidence need to be rich in nature so as to minimise error in judgment Activities associated with normal every day work have a bearing on the decision as to how much and how detailed the data gathered will contribute to its richness Some skills are more critical to safety and operational requirements while the same skills may be more or less frequently practiced These points are raised for the assessors to consider when choosing an assessment method and developing assessment instruments Sample assessment instruments are included for Assessors in the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Critical aspects of evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit
	Before the critical aspects of evidence are considered all prerequisites shall be met Evidence for competence in this unit shall be considered holistically Each element and associated Performance Criteria shall be demonstrated on at least two occasions in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines UET Evidence shall also comprise A representative body of Performance Criteria demonstrated within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline work function and industrial environment In particular this shall incorporate evidence that shows a candidate is able to Implement Occupational Health and Safety workplace procedures and practices including the use of risk control measures as specified in the Performance Criteria and range and Apply sustainable energy principles and practices as specified in the Performance Criteria and range and Demonstrate an understanding of the essential knowledge and associated skills as described in this unit to such an extent that the learners performance outcome is reported in accordance with the preferred approach namely a percentile graded result where required by the regulated environment and Demonstrate an appropriate level of employability skills and Conduct work observing the relevant Anti Discrimination legislation regulations policies and workplace procedures and Demonstrated performance across a representative range of contexts from the prescribed items below
		Range of toolsequipmentmaterialsproceduresworkplacesother variables
		Group No	The minimum number of items on which skill is to be demonstrated	Item List
		A	At least three of the following	Time domain reflectometry Popie Differential TDR radar Current impulse Murray loop Varley loop Radio detection Capacitanceinductance Continuity tests Insulation tests Voltage detection
		B	At least one occasion	Dealing with an unplanned event by drawing on essential knowledge and associated skills to provide appropriate solutions incorporated in the holistic assessment with the above listed items

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit should be assessed as it relates to normal work practice using procedures information and resources typical of a workplace This should include OHS policy and work procedures and instructions Suitable work environment facilities equipment and materials to undertake actual locating of faults in underground power cables In addition to the resources listed above in Context of and specific resources for assessment evidence should show demonstrated competency working below ground in limited spaces with different structuralconstruction types and method and in a variety of environments

Method of assessment

This Competency Standard Unit shall be assessed by methods given in Volume Part Assessment Guidelines Note Competent performance with inherent safe working practices is expected in the Industry to which this Competency Standard Unit applies This requires that the specified essential knowledge and associated skills are assessed in a structured environment which is primarily intended for learningassessment and incorporates all necessary equipment and facilities for learners to develop and demonstrate the essential knowledge and associated skills described in this unit

Concurrent assessment and relationship with other units
	There are no concurrent assessment recommendations for this unit

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Range Statement

10) This relates to the unit of competency as a whole providing the range of contexts and conditions to which the Performance Criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance. This Competency Standard Unit shall be demonstrated in relation to the diagnosis and location of faults as it relates to underground power cables (Distribution and Transmission) and includes the receipt of the relevant permit(s). Relevant cable specifications and standards may include but are not limited to cable ageing effects, test voltage de-rating, velocity of propagation, insulation, screened, armoured, burial status drawings, network diagrams, maker’s installations, cable age and/or service history, owners/clients requests. Cable fault test procedures may include but are not limited to time domain reflectometry (TDR), TDR radar, digital arc reflection, differential digital arc reflection, current impulse test (thumper test), differential current impulse, decay, differential decay, pool of potential in earth (POPIE), Murray loop test (including Fisher modification), radio detection, Varley loop test, capacitance inductance test. Test equipment may include but are not limited to the calibration certificated for test equipment being current and valid for AF signals, bridges, pulse echo techniques, capacitors, seismophone, POPIE. Hazards associated with the testing and location procedures may include but are not limited to environmental, traffic, chemical, fuel gas, warning notices, water or gas flooding, test voltages, public barriers. Range of testing required may include but are not limited to the order in which testing will be applied, from where tests are to be applied, communication arrangements and who will be directing the tests. Selected test procedures may include but are not limited to recognised standard test methods, client requirements. Recorded results of the tests may include but are not limited to the requirements specified by the client or enterprise. Results interpreted may include but are not limited to physical location notes, depth and distance. Identified actual fault location may include but are not limited to the reports and test data, within how many metres of the measured position the fault was actually located, relationship between type of fault and possible cause, location and protection relay operations, known events related to the fault. Correcting the cable fault may include but is not limited to providing recommendations for corrective action, preventative action. The following constants and variables included in the element/Performance Criteria in this unit are fully described in the Definitions Section 1 of this volume and form an integral part of the Range Statement of this unit: Appropriate and relevant persons (see Personnel) Appropriate authorities Appropriate work platform Assessing risk Assessment Authorisation Confined space Diagnostic, testing and restoration Documenting detail work events, record keeping and or storage of information Drawings and specifications Emergency Environmental and sustainable energy procedures Environmental legislation Environmental management documentation Established procedures Fall prevention Hazards Identifying hazards Inspect Legislation MSDS Notification OHS practices OHS issues Permits and/or permits to work Personnel Quality assurance systems Requirements Testing procedures Work clearance systems

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