This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of safe working practices and diagnosing and rectifying faults in electrical energy distribution systems

All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies

KSTISA Electrical power distribution systems diagnostic

KS01-TIS70A Electrical power distribution systems diagnostic

Evidence shall show an understanding of diagnosing faults in power distribution systems to an extent indicated by the following aspects

T Distribution system overview including encompassing

regulatory conditions of supply and utilisation

compliance with Australian Standards

reticulation system including overheadunderground urbanrural HV customers and highrise building systems The effects of industrial customers

methods used to ensure continuity of supply

types of substations in current use

systems of distribution used primary and secondary

voltage levels power factor waveform distortion and transient loading

supply quality

load curve profiles residentialindustrialcommercial

types of feeders

distribution systems urban rural singlephase systems SWER spur parallel and ring systems etc

T Overhead lines and installation encompassing

industry and safety regulations

overhead conductors

conductor material

current rating factors heating voltage drops power losses

aerial bundled cables HV and LV

covered conductors characteristics of lines and cables including the calculation of R X and B for different arrangements of conductor Typical values for actual lines Transposition Models based on line length Voltage and line regulation

overhead line poles

types wood concrete and steel

installation of poles tooling rake life labelling sinking

maintenance of poles above amp below ground

pole strength and loads

crossarms

types and standard sizes

insulators

insulation types

types pin suspension or disc shackle

creepage necessary clearances

arcing horns insulator mounting

structure types

mechanical properties working strength maximum tension limiting size

interpretation of stringing charts

determination of sag by calculations or measurement andor tension measurement

sight and wave sagging sag correction

stays

components anchorage

T Use of design schedules encompassing

sample design problems common design practice line voltage structure types used line deviation span sag crossarms insulators and stays wind loading and line deviation loading basic surveying

measurement of levels deviation angle and compass bearings

perform survey of short distribution line extension of produce field notes

T Underground cables encompassing

cable types ratings core material design considerations cable dielectrics insulating materials and abbreviations electric stress cable volt drop and volt drop calculations cable termination joints and installation

induction and eddy currents

cable testing cable fault location

cable drawing

T Voltage regulations of feeders and associated equipment encompassing

terminology used distribution system service line customers terminals customer voltage utilisation voltage base voltage voltage variation and bandwidth

voltage limits and effects of voltage variation

causes of variation inductance capacitance and reactance of distribution lines transformers

methods of voltage control offload onload tap changers voltage regulating relays line drop compensation different types of voltage regulators

voltage profiles principles effect on voltage profiles limits of voltage voltage drops due to LV mains transformers tapsettings feeder and service lines

determining volt drops for components within the profile

T Control of voltage Conditions leading to voltage collapse and system disintegration Effects on the system of highlow volts Voltage control devices including encompassing

voltage regulators applied to generators and synchronous phase modifiers

electromagnetic voltage regulators

series and parallel capacitors

OLTC transformers and static Var compensations SVCs

T Range of devices covered by SVCs including encompassing

saturated reactor compensations SRs

thyristor controlled reactor compensators TCRs

combined TCRTSCs and

production of waveform distorting harmonics and control devices

T Importance of the location in the system of voltage control devices

T Types of communication systems including telephone power line carrier dedicated cable microwave links and fibre optics Quantities and signals to be communicated Advantages and disadvantages of the various systems Equipment requirements

T Transient overvoltages in power systems Switching and lightning overvoltages and their effect on different plant items Transient overvoltage control and reduction using surge diverters shield wires and CB are control Insulation systems insulation coordination insulation grading in plant items bushings and capacitor bushings

T The principles of operation voltage and current range breaking capacity and field of use of the following types of circuit breakers bulk oil small oil volume air break vacuum and SF double pressure and puffer types

T The types of isolators in use Examples include duoroll blade and scissor type

T Circuit breaker auxiliary systems encompassing

dc systems including battery types charging and protection systems and earth fault detection systems

SF conditioning storage and handling system

This provides essential advice for assessment of the unit It must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria and the range statement of the unit and the Training Package Assessment Guidelines

The Evidence Guide forms an integral part of this unit It must be used in conjunction with all parts of this unit and performed in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Overview of Assessment

Longitudinal competency development approaches to assessment such as Profiling require data to be reliably gathered in a form that can be consistently interpreted over time This approach is best utilised in Apprenticeship programs and reduces assessment intervention It is the Industrys preferred model for apprenticeships However where summative or final assessment is used it is to include the application of the competency in the normal work environment or at a minimum the application of the competency in a realistically simulated work environment It is recognised that in some circumstances assessment in part or full can occur outside the workplace However it must be in accordance with industry and regulatory policy

Methods chosen for a particular assessment will be influenced by various factors These include the extent of the assessment the most effective locations for the assessment activities to take place access to physical resources additional safety measures that may be required and the critical nature of the competencies being assessed

The critical safety nature of working with electricity electrical equipment gas or any other hazardous substancematerial carries risk in deeming a person competent Sources of evidence need to be rich in nature to minimise error in judgment

Activities associated with normal every day work have a bearing on the decision as to how much and how detailed the data gathered will contribute to its richness Some skills are more critical to safety and operational requirements while the same skills may be more or less frequently practised These points are raised for the assessors to consider when choosing an assessment method and developing assessment instruments Sample assessment instruments are included for Assessors in the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Critical aspects of evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Before the critical aspects of evidence are considered all prerequisites shall be met

Evidence for competence in this unit shall be considered holistically Each element and associated performance criteria shall be demonstrated on at least two occasions in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines UET Evidence shall also comprise

A representative body of work performance demonstrated within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline work function and industrial environment In particular this shall incorporate evidence that shows a candidate is able to

Implement Occupational Health and Safety workplace procedures and practices including the use of risk control measures as specified in the performance criteria and range statement

Apply sustainable energy principles and practices as specified in the performance criteria and range statement

Demonstrate an understanding of the essential knowledge and associated skills as described in this unit It may be required by some jurisdictions that RTOs provide a percentile graded result for the purpose of regulatory or licensing requirements

Demonstrate an appropriate level of skills enabling employment

Conduct work observing the relevant Anti Discrimination legislation regulations polices and workplace procedures

Demonstrated consistent performance across a representative range of contexts from the prescribed items below

Diagnosing and rectifying faults in electrical energy distribution systems as described in and including

A

Applying logical diagnostic methods

B

Using fault scenarios to test the cause of system faults

C

Identifying faults and competency needed to rectify them

D

Rectifying faults in system controls

E

Verifying that the system operates correctly

F

Documenting fault rectification

G

Dealing with unplanned events by drawing on essential knowledge and skills to provide appropriate solutions incorporated in the holistic assessment with the above listed items

NoteSuccessful completion of relevant vendor training may be used to contribute to evidence on which competency is deemed In these cases the alignment of outcomes of vendor training with performance criteria and critical aspects of evidence shall be clearly identified

Note:
Successful completion of relevant vendor training may be used to contribute to evidence on which competency is deemed. In these cases the alignment of outcomes of vendor training with performance criteria and critical aspects of evidence shall be clearly identified.

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit should be assessed as it relates to normal work practice using procedures information and resources typical of a workplace This should include

OHS policy and work procedures and instructions

Suitable work environment facilities equipment and materials to undertake actual work as prescribed by this unit

These should be part of the formal learningassessment environment

Note

Where simulation is considered a suitable strategy for assessment conditions must be authentic and as far as possible reproduce and replicate the workplace and be consistent with the approved industry simulation policy

The resources used for assessment should reflect current industry practices in relation to diagnosing and rectifying faults in electrical energy distribution systems

Method of assessment

This unit shall be assessed by methods given in Volume Part Assessment Guidelines

Note

Competent performance with inherent safe working practices is expected in the industry to which this unit applies This requires assessment in a structured environment which is primarily intended for learningassessment and incorporates all necessary equipment and facilities for learners to develop and demonstrate the essential knowledge and skills described in this unit

Concurrent assessment and relationship with other units

For optimisation of training and assessment effort competency development in this unit may be arranged concurrently with unit

UETTDRISA

UETTDRIS67A

Solve problems in energy supply network equipment