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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Plan response to discrete/interdependent protection operations
  2. Carry out response to discrete/interdependent protection operations
  3. Complete the response to discrete/interdependent protection operations

Required Skills

Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills EKAS This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of developing and evaluating transmission switching programs

All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies

KSTSOA Discrete and interdependent protection operations

KS01-TSO48A Discrete and interdependent protection operations

Evidence shall show an understanding of discrete and interdependent protection operations to an extent indicated by the following aspects

T Transmission distribution and rail systems encompassing

Relationship between the transmission distribution and railtram system within an overall power system different organisations responsible for generation transmission distribution and railtram and how they correlate and their functions

Characteristics of a transmission a distribution and a rail system principal components typical voltage levels and methods of transmission and distribution including grid type transmission systems radial parallel and ring main feeders

Relationship between an overhead and underground supply systems within an overall power system advantagesdisadvantages applications and the basic steps for planning and installing an overhead and underground distribution system

Single line drawings and layouts drawings and layouts of transmission and distribution systems including radial parallel and ring main feeders and the HV equipment associated with substations

T Substations and power transformers encompassing

Relationship between the substations within an overall power system purpose location in relation to load centres layout of HV equipment within the substation and auxiliary equipment

Characteristics of a power transformer basic construction of distribution transformers operation under loadno load conditions types and basic operation of tap changing switches including solid state types efficiency and cooling

Auxiliary equipment used on transformers function and basic operation

Maintenance of a power transformer basic connections restrictions to parallel operation problems and remedies associated with harmonics testing and fault finding procedures

Characteristics of a reactors description and purpose

T High voltage fault switching principles encompassing

Primary causes effects and types of HV electrical faults

HV protection devices main components types categories applications functions

Basic principle of operation of HV system protection devices

Protection coordination and protection zoning

HV feeder autoreclosing suppression encompassing function application

Circuit condition requirements and switching considerations when paralleling and separating HV feeders

T Detailed operation and setting of discrete protection systems encompassing

Earth fault protection master earth leakage schemes sensitive earth fault relays and schemes residual earth fault scheme core balance earth fault scheme framestructure earth leakage scheme time graded discrimination backup protection

Overcurrent protection feeder overcurrent protection instantaneous overcurrent schemes inverse timed overcurrent schemes types and location of components of an overcurrent scheme CT summation time graded discrimination backup protection

Alarms and controls auxiliary relays voltage regulating relays line drop compensation gas relay types gas relay scheme operation and setting over temperature schemes

T Detailed operation of interdependent protection systems encompassing

Overcurrent and earth leakage schemes including intertripping interlocking and blocking logic mapping master control elctromechanical electronic shading coils

Pilot wire phase comparison opposed voltage schemes circulating current schemes location of components of a scheme pilot supervisory techniques

Load shedding voltage control parallel operation load rejection

Busbar Protection and CB failure protection

Reclose systems applications single shot multishot blocking schemes synchronisation checking

Evidence Required

This provides essential advice for assessment of the competency standard unit and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria and the Range Statement of the competency standard unit and the Training Package Assessment Guidelines

The Evidence Guide forms an integral part of this Competency Standard Unit and shall be used in conjunction with all component parts of this unit and performed in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Overview of Assessment

Longitudinal competency development approaches to assessment such as Profiling require data to be reliably gathered in a form that can be consistently interpreted over time This approach is best utilised in Apprenticeship programs and reduces assessment intervention It is the Industrys preferred model for apprenticeships However where summative or final assessment is used it is to include the application of the competency in the normal work environment or at a minimum the application of the competency in a realistically simulated work environment It is recognised that in some circumstances assessment in part or full can occur outside the workplace However it must be in accord with Industry and Regulatory policy in this regard

Methods chosen for a particular assessment will be influenced by various factors These include the extent of the assessment the most effective locations for the assessment activities to take place access to physical resources additional safety measures that may be required and the critical nature of the competencies being assessed

The critical safety nature of working with electricity electrical equipment gas or any other hazardous substancematerial carries risk in deeming a person competent Hence sources of evidence need to be rich in nature so as to minimise error in judgment

Activities associated with normal every day work have a bearing on the decision as to how much and how detailed the data gathered will contribute to its richness Some skills are more critical to safety and operational requirements while the same skills may be more or less frequently practiced These points are raised for the assessors to consider when choosing an assessment method and developing assessment instruments Sample assessment instruments are included for Assessors in the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package

Critical aspects of evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Before the critical aspects of evidence are considered all prerequisites shall be met

Evidence for competence in this unit shall be considered holistically Each Element and associated Performance Criteria shall be demonstrated on at least two occasions in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines UET Evidence shall also comprise

A representative body of Performance Criteria demonstrated within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline work function and industrial environment In particular this shall incorporate evidence that shows a candidate is able to

Implement Occupational Health and Safety workplace procedures and practices including the use of risk control measures as specified in the Performance Criteria and range and

Apply sustainable energy principles and practices as specified in the Performance Criteria and range and

Demonstrate an understanding of the essential knowledge and associated skills described in this unit to such an extent that the learners performance outcome is reported in accordance with the preferred approach namely a percentile graded result where required by the regulated environment and

Demonstrate an appropriate level of employability skills and

Conduct work observing the relevant Anti Discrimination legislation regulations policies and workplace procedures and

Demonstrated performance across a representative range of contexts from the prescribed items below

Range of toolsequipmentmaterialsproceduresworkplacesother variables

Group No

The minimum number of items on which skill is to be demonstrated

Item List

A

Develop and evaluate on at least three occasions all of the following

Identify discreteinterdependent relay operations by interpreting available alarms and event data

Analyse and diagnose system failures

Evaluate response to discreteinterdependent relay operations

B

All of the following

Describe control and alarms associated with discreteinterdependent protection systems

C

At least one occasion

Dealing with an unplanned event by drawing on essential knowledge and associated skills to provide appropriate solutions incorporated in the holistic assessment with the above listed items

Context of and specific resources for assessment

This unit should be assessed as it relates to normal work practice using procedures information and resources typical of a workplace This should include

OHS policy and work procedures and instructions

Suitable work environment facilities equipment and materials to undertake actual preparation of HV Transmission Switching programs

Note

Access will be needed to relevant modelling tools drawings computerised electrical plant control and monitoring facilities and enterprise operational policies procedures and work practices

In addition to the resources listed above in Context of and specific resources for assessment evidence should show demonstrated competency working in realistic environment and a variety of conditions

Method of assessment

This Competency Standard Unit shall be assessed by methods given in Volume Part Assessment Guidelines

Note

Competent performance with inherent safe working practices is expected in the Transmission Distribution and Rail Traction Industry This requires that the specified essential knowledge and associated skills are assessed in a structured environment which is primarily intended for learningassessment and incorporates all necessary equipment and facilities for learners to develop and demonstrate the essential knowledge and associated skills described in this unit

Concurrent assessment and relationship with other units

There are no concurrent assessment recommendations for this unit


Range Statement

10) This relates to the competency standard unit as a whole providing the range of contexts and conditions to which the Performance Criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

This Competency Standard Unit shall be demonstrated in relation to the activities required when responding to discrete/interdependent protection operations activities required to secure the network in the event of a fault condition and restoration plans which allow work to be safely performed whilst minimising customer outages and may include the following:

Overcurrent and Earth fault relays, Neutral displacement relays, No-volt changeover devices, Discrete auto reclose devices, DC Supplies, Oil surge devices (site maintenance), DC Frame leakage, Trip / control circuits, Alarms and indication, Voltage regulation relays, Parallel operation, Circuit isolation (discrete only) Function Tests (discrete only) Thermal overload , Transformer temperature control devices and CEL fail devices.

Conditions and facilities for the calculation of network loading, planning for the management of the network and multiple outages.

Regulatory and enterprise procedures for the compliance with national electricity code.

The following constants and variables included in the Element/Performance Criteria in this unit are fully described in the Definitions Section 1 of this volume and form an integral part of the Range Statement of this unit:

Appropriate and relevant persons (see Personnel)

Appropriate authorities

Appropriate work platform

Assessing risk

Assessment

Authorisation

Confined space

Diagnostic, testing and restoration

Documenting detail work events, record keeping and or storage of information

Drawings and specifications

Emergency

Environmental and sustainable energy procedures

Environmental legislation

Environmental management documentation

Established procedures

Fall prevention

Hazards

Identifying hazards

Inspect

Legislation

MSDS

Notification

OHS practices

OHS issues

Permits and/or permits to work

Personnel

Quality assurance systems

Requirements

Testing procedures

Work clearance systems