human, environmental and vehicular factors including: human: fatigue drugs alcohol speed inattention distraction environmental: road surface (gravel/sealed) animals road debris geographical obstacle architectural obstacle vehicular factors: mechanical failure vehicle defects – tyres, brakes relevant regulations and rules relevant risk factors and how they affect motor vehicle performance types of common motor vehicle crashes including: rear end collision side impact collision/adjacent direction collision right turn in front of oncoming traffic run off road on straight collision run off road on curve collision head on collision pedestrian collision types of common motor vehicle crashes and their potential causes including: rear end collision: travelling too fast not leaving enough distance between vehicles side impact collision/adjacent direction collision: poor or insufficient scanning of driving environment not sufficiently judging gap in traffic overconfidence in driving ability head on collision: not judging speed or distance correctly when overtaking not detecting hazards early enough impatience run off road on straight collision: travelling too fast for conditions inexperience resulting in over steering or misjudging distances pedestrian collision: pedestrians not judging amount of time it takes a vehicle to stop encountering intoxicated or unpredictable pedestrians right turn in front of oncoming traffic: not judging speed accurately. |