This unit involves the skills and knowledge required to manage safe flight operations, in compliance with relevant regulatory requirements of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) and national operating standards.

It includes maintaining an effective lookout, maintaining situational awareness, and assessing situations and making decisions. It also includes setting priorities and task management, and maintaining effective communications.

This unit addresses aviation non-technical skill requirements (mental, social and personal-management abilities) for flight crew, and contributes to safe and effective performance in complex aviation operational environments.

Operations are conducted as part of recreational, commercial and military aircraft activities across a variety of operational contexts within the Australian aviation industry.

Work is performed independently or under limited supervision within a single-pilot or multi-crew environment.

Licensing, legislative, regulatory or certification requirements are applicable to this unit.

Use for Defence Aviation is to be in accordance with relevant Defence Orders, Instructions, Publications and Regulations.

ELEMENTS

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

Elements describe the essential outcomes.

Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element.

1

Maintain effective lookout

1.1

Systematic visual scan techniques are applied at a rate determined by traffic density, visibility and terrain to maintain traffic separation

1.2

Radio listening watch is maintained and transmissions are interpreted to determine traffic location and intention

1.3

Airspace-cleared procedures are performed before commencing any manoeuvre

2

Maintain situational awareness

2.1

All aircraft systems are monitored using a systematic scan technique

2.2

Information is collected to facilitate ongoing system management

2.3

Flight environment is monitored for deviations from planned operations

2.4

Flight environment information is collected to update planned operations

3

Assess situations and make decisions

3.1

Problems affecting flight performance are identified and analysed

3.2

Potential solutions to flight performance problems are identified

3.3

Potential solutions and risks are assessed

3.4

Course of action is determined and communicated to flight crew, passengers and/or other personnel, as required

3.5

Tasks are allocated and actioned to implement optimal course of action outcomes

3.6

Tasks are monitored for progress against determined course of action

3.7

Plan is re-evaluated as required to achieve optimal outcomes

4

Set priorities and manage tasks

4.1

Task workload and priorities are organised to ensure optimum outcome of the flight

4.2

Events and tasks are planned to occur sequentially

4.3

Events and tasks are anticipated to ensure sufficient opportunity for completion

4.4

Technology is used to reduce workload and improve cognitive and manipulative activities

5

Maintain effective communication and interpersonal relationships

5.1

Effective and efficient communication and interpersonal relationships are established and maintained with all stakeholders to ensure optimum flight outcome

5.2

Objectives are defined and explained to stakeholders

5.3

Appropriate levels of assertiveness are applied that ensure the optimum completion of a flight

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria on at least one occasion and include:

accepting responsibility for flight outcomes

accepting responsibility for own performance

applying relevant aeronautical knowledge

implementing work health and safety (WHS)/occupational health and safety (OHS) procedures and relevant regulations

interpreting relevant instructions, regulations, procedures and other information

managing and mitigating risk

managing contingency flight operations:

abnormal situations

emergency conditions

monitoring flight path, aircraft configuration and systems to achieve desired performance using a systematic scan technique

operating effectively as a crew member

reading, interpreting and following relevant regulations, instructions, procedures, information and signs

responding appropriately to cultural differences in the workplace

selecting and using appropriate instruments, displays, communications equipment and aids

taking initiative and responding to changing conditions

using appropriate normal, abnormal and emergency aviation terminology.

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of:

crew coordination:

basic principles of crew coordination

verbal and non-verbal communication factors

barriers to communication

listening skills

assertion skills

factors affecting decision-making processes

communication

communication – attitude

personality

judgement

leadership style

leadership qualities

poor crew coordination factors

effective decisionmaking processes:

identify problems and causal factors

assess component parts systematically and logically

employ analytical techniques to identify solutions and consider the value and implications of each

generate solution and/or alternative courses of action

assess alternative solutions and risks with other flight crew members

determine course of action

communicate decision and delegate tasks to flight crew

monitor progress against agreed plan

evaluate decisions in accordance with changing circumstances

ensure decision making is improvement-focused and directed towards achieving optimum outcomes

fatigue risk management processes:

proactive

predictive

reactive

flight rules:

documentation

aircraft nationality and registration

airworthiness of aircraft

personnel licencing

rules of the air

procedures for air navigation

air traffic services

aeronautical information service

aerodromes

facilitation

search and rescue

security

aircraft accidents and incidents – crew responsibilities

air service operations

judgment and decision making:

pilot judgment concepts

types of judgment

motor skills and human factors

aeronautical decision making

decision-making concepts

pilot responsibilities

behavioural aspects

identification of hazardous attitudes

physical factors

psychological factors

social influences and interface between people

pilot judgment awareness

risk assessment

cockpit stress management

applying decision-making concepts

practical application

managing resources

safety awareness

task management:

workload organisation and priority setting to ensure optimum safe flight outcome

event planning, in a logical and sequential manner

anticipating events to ensure sufficient opportunity is available for completion

using technology to reduce workload and improve cognitive and manipulative activities

task prioritisation and protection while filtering and managing real time information.

As a minimum, assessors must satisfy applicable regulatory requirements, which include requirements in the Standards for Registered Training Organisations current at the time of assessment.

As a minimum, assessment must satisfy applicable regulatory requirements, which include requirements in the Standards for Registered Training Organisations current at the time of assessment.

Assessment processes and techniques must be appropriate to the language, literacy and numeracy requirements of the work being performed and the needs of the candidate.

Assessment must occur in workplace operational situations. Where this is not appropriate, assessment must occur in simulated workplace operational situations that reflect workplace conditions.

Resources for assessment must include access to:

a range of relevant exercises, case studies and/or simulations

acceptable means of simulation assessment

applicable documentation including workplace procedures, regulations, codes of practice and operation manuals

relevant materials, tools, equipment and personal protective equipment currently used in industry.