Work must be carried out in compliance with the relevant licence and aircraft rating requirements of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) and/or ADF; airspace control requirements and Day Visual Flight Rules (Day VFR); and aircraft control principles, regulations, safety codes, protocols and procedures required when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures.

Use for ADF Aviation is to be in accordance with relevant Defence Orders and Instructions and applicable CASA compliance.

Operations are conducted as part of commercial or military aircraft activities across a variety of operational contexts within the Australian aviation industry.

Work is performed under limited supervision.

This unit is nominally packaged at Certificate IV.

ELEMENT

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

1Turn helicopter steeply

1.1 'Airspace cleared' procedure is carried out before and during turn

1.2 Level turn of nominated bank angle is achieved without altitude change to nominated heading

1.3 Descending turn of nominated bank angle is achieved to a nominated heading

1.4 Awareness of higher stall speed in turns is demonstrated

1.5 Helicopter operating limits are not exceeded

2Perform autorotative flight

2.1 An appropriate action plan is formulated that ensures the safe completion of autorotative manoeuvres

2.2 Priorities are set to ensure the safe completion of autorotative manoeuvres

2.3 Autorotative flight is entered and maintained at a nominated speed and heading in balanced flight

2.4 Heading is altered with the helicopter in balanced flight at a nominated speed

2.5 Helicopter is transitioned from autorotative flight to a climb at nominated heading and speed

2.6 Autorotative landing is performed into the wind in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

2.7 Helicopter is terminated to the hover from autorotative flight, using appropriate power

2.8 Autorotative flight is performed at the optimum range and minimum descent rate speeds

2.9 Lookout is maintained using a systematic scan technique at a rate determined by traffic density, visibility and terrain

2.10 Situation awareness is maintained at all times during autorotative flight

3Lift off and land on sloping ground

3.1 Surface conditions are confirmed to be suitable for the helicopter type

3.2 Stakeholders are briefed to ensure safe operations in the vicinity of helicopter

3.3 Helicopter is lifted off from sloping ground to a hover in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

3.4 Helicopter is landed from the hover onto sloping ground in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

3.5 Any abnormal situations are recognised and appropriate controlled corrective action is implemented

3.6 Lookout is maintained using a systematic scan technique at a rate determined by traffic density, visibility or terrain

3.7 Situation awareness is maintained at all times during lift-offs and landings on sloping ground

4Land, take off and manoeuvre in a confined area

4.1 Confined area is assessed, an action plan is formulated and a decision is made to operate in the area

4.2 Awareness is demonstrated of pilot's own capabilities and limitations and decisions to take off or land are adjusted accordingly

4.3 Helicopter is safely landed in a confined area in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

4.4 Helicopter is safely taken off from a confined area in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

4.5 Helicopter is manoeuvred in a confined area while remaining clear of obstructions

4.6 Situation awareness is maintained at all times during manoeuvres in a confined area

4.7 Appropriate allowance is made for the effects of wind during manoeuvres in a confined area

5Execute limited power take-off, approach and landing

5.1 Need for limited power manoeuvres is established

5.2 A decision to conduct limited power manoeuvres is implemented and an appropriate action plan is formulated to conduct limited power operations

5.3 An appropriate area for a safe take-off and landing suitable for the limited power available is selected in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

5.4 Awareness is demonstrated of pilot's own capabilities and limitations and decisions to take off, approach or land are adjusted accordingly

5.5 Situation awareness is maintained at all times during limited power manoeuvres

5.6 Appropriate allowance is made for the effects of wind during limited power manoeuvres

6Take off and land at a pinnacle or ridge line

6.1 Select and assess a suitable pinnacle or ridge line, formulate a plan and make a decision to operate onto the area

6.2 Awareness is demonstrated of pilot's own capabilities and limitations and decisions to take off or land are adjusted accordingly

6.3 Helicopter is safely landed on a pinnacle or ridge line in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

6.4 Helicopter is safely lifted and taken off from a pinnacle or ridge line in accordance with Flight Manual/POH, workplace procedures and regulatory requirements

6.5 Situation awareness is maintained at all times during take-offs, approaches and landings at a pinnacle or ridge line

6.6 Appropriate allowance is made for the effects of wind during take-off, approach and landing at a pinnacle or ridge line

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This describes the essential knowledge and skills and their level required for this unit.

Required knowledge:

Relevant sections of Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders

Relevant OH&S and environmental procedures and regulations

Basic principles of aerodynamics

Purpose and functions of helicopter systems

Functions and effects of all helicopter controls

Aerodynamic factors affecting helicopter flight performance, including:

aerodynamic forces

dynamic rollover

settling with power

recirculation

loss of tail rotor (anti-torque) effectiveness

All applicable checklist items

The cross wind loss of rotor control limits for the helicopter type flown

Power required and power available curves

Pressure altitude and density considerations

Wind and terrain effects

Procedures for the use of performance charts

Application of the height/velocity diagram/graph

Local air traffic control procedures and instructions

Emergency radio procedures

Actions to be conducted following a forced landing

Hazards and risks when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures and precautions for controlling the risks

Problems that may occur when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures and appropriate action that should be taken in each case

Required skills:

Apply the knowledge to the execution of advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Select and use relevant equipment for the execution of advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Read and interpret instructions, procedures and information relevant to the execution of advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Use instruments to monitor helicopter performance

Interpret/use a helicopter manufacturers height-velocity diagram/graph

Solve problems associated with the execution of advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Follow air traffic control procedures and instructions

Communicate effectively with others when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Read and interpret instructions, regulations, procedures and other information relevant to advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Interpret and follow operational instructions and prioritise work

Complete documentation related to executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Operate electronic communication equipment to required protocol

Work collaboratively with others when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Adapt appropriately to cultural differences in the workplace, including modes of behaviour and interactions with others

Promptly report and/or rectify any identified problems that may occur when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures in accordance with regulatory requirements and workplace procedures

Implement contingency plans for unexpected events that may arise when executing advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Apply precautions and required action to minimise, control or eliminate hazards that may exist during advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

Monitor and anticipate operational problems and hazards and take appropriate action

Monitor work activities in terms of planned schedule

Modify activities dependent on differing workplace contingencies, situations and environments

Work systematically with required attention to detail without injury to self or others, or damage to goods or equipment

Adapt to differences in equipment and operating environment in accordance with standard operating procedures

Select and use required personal protective equipment conforming to industry and OH&S standards

Implement OH&S procedures and relevant regulations

Identify and correctly use equipment required to conduct advanced helicopter manoeuvres and procedures

The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria, required knowledge and skills, the range statement and the assessment guidelines for this Training Package.

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria of this unit and include demonstration of applying:

the underpinning knowledge and skills

relevant legislation and workplace procedures

other relevant aspects of the range statement

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Performance is demonstrated consistently over a period of time and in a suitable range of contexts

Resources for assessment include:

a range of relevant exercises, case studies and/or other simulated practical and knowledge assessment, and/or

access to an appropriate range of relevant operational situations in the workplace

In both real and simulated environments, access is required to:

relevant and appropriate materials and equipment, and

applicable documentation including workplace procedures, regulations, codes of practice and operation manuals

Method of assessment

Assessment of this unit must be undertaken by a registered training organisation

As a minimum, assessment of knowledge must be conducted through appropriate written/oral tests

Practical assessment must occur:

through activities in an appropriately simulated environment at the registered training organisation, and/or

in an appropriate range of situations in the workplace

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance.

Tasks may be undertaken in:

variable weather conditions in accordance with Day Visual Flight Rules

Performance may be demonstrated in:

single engine helicopter

multi engine helicopter

single main rotor helicopter

multi main rotor helicopter

variable air traffic conditions

variable flight situations

abnormal situations

Performance may be demonstrated on an helicopter with:

fully functioning dual controls

an electronic intercom system

dual control brakes

wheeled or skidded undercarriage

Crew may include:

single pilot

multi crew

Limitations may be imposed by:

local noise abatement requirements and curfews

Classes of airspace are:

those designated by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority

Operational hazards during advanced helicopter manoeuvres may include:

variable surface conditions

other aircraft

loose objects

personnel

animals

birds

propeller/tail rotor/rotor wash and jet blast

Guidance during advanced helicopter manoeuvres may be provided by:

air traffic control instructions

light signals

aerodrome markings

Advanced manoeuvres may include:

turning a helicopter steeply

performing autorotative flight

executing limited power take-offs, approaches and landings

take-offs, landings and manoeuvres in confined areas

take-offs and landings on sloping ground

take-offs and landings at a pinnacle or ridge line

Checklists may include:

pre-flight

pre-start

engine start

pre-taxi

take-off

after take-off

approach and landing

shutdown

post-flight

Circuit height may include:

standard

low-level

Dependent on the type of organisation concerned and the local terminology used, workplace procedures may include:

company procedures

enterprise procedures

organisational procedures

established procedures

standard operating procedures

Procedures maintaining compliance with airspace requirements are:

geographical limits of the flight area is demonstrated on a chart

prominent geographical features are identified using a chart

the limits of the flight area are identified on the ground

the position of controlled airspace is determined using a chart and geographical features

restricted areas are identified using a chart and geographical features

departure from the circuit area and transition to the flight area is completed without incident

departure from the flight area and transition to the circuit area is completed without incident

Information/documents may include:

relevant sections of Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders including Day Visual Flight Rules (Day VFR)

in Defence context, relevant Defence Orders and Instructions

Flight Manual/Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH)

Manual of Standards - Pilot Licensing (MOS-PL)

Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)

En Route Supplement Australia (ERSA)

charts

operations manuals

approved checklists

workplace procedures and instructions and job specification

induction and training materials

conditions of service, legislation and industrial agreements including workplace agreements and awards

Applicable regulations and legislation may include:

relevant Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders

in Defence context, relevant Defence Orders and Instructions

relevant state/territory OH&S legislation

relevant state/territory environmental protection legislation

relevant Australian Standards

Performance includes tolerances specified in either of:

relevant licence and aircraft rating requirements of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) such as:

Day VFR Syllabus

Manual of Standards

relevant Defence documentation such as:

Defence Orders and Instructions

approved curricula and training documentation

Y - Aircraft Operation and Traffic Management

This unit contains employability skills.