SISFFIT004
Incorporate anatomy and physiology principles into fitness programming


Application

This unit describes the performance outcomes, skills and knowledge required to incorporate an understanding of the human body structure and physiology into fitness instruction, programming and provision of fitness advice.

This unit applies to fitness instructors who work in a variety of fitness locations such as fitness, leisure and community centres. These individuals typically work independently with some level of autonomy in a controlled environment. Work is performed according to relevant legislation and organisational policies and procedures.

No occupational licensing, certification or specific legislative requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication.


Elements and Performance Criteria

ELEMENTS

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

Elements describe the essential outcomes

Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element.

1. Consolidate understanding of anatomy and physiology.

1.1 Source and access information on anatomy and physiology relevant to fitness outcomes.

1.2 Use knowledge of anatomy and physiology in day-to-day professional practice.

1.3 Discuss/explain how understanding of anatomy and physiology contribute to safe/optimum technique and skill development.

1.4 Use a wide range of anatomical terminology relevant to injury prevention and fitness outcomes.

1.5 Identify how anatomical structures respond to physical activity.

1.6 Apply a sound understanding of injury prevention techniques to fitness instruction and programming.

2. Apply knowledge to own professional practice.

2.1 Assess ways in which knowledge of anatomy and physiology may be used, adapted or challenged in instruction and provision of fitness advice.

2.2 Identify current and emerging knowledge of anatomy and physiology relevant to development of own professional practice.

2.3 Modify approach to fitness programming activities and advice as required.

3. Maintain and update knowledge of anatomy principles.

3.1 Identify and use opportunities to update and expand own knowledge of anatomy and physiology.

3.2 Monitor response to changes made to own professional practice or instruction.

3.3 Continue to adjust own practice to optimise results.

Evidence of Performance

Evidence of the ability to complete tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit in the context of the job role, and:

effectively use knowledge of the following body systems to improve own instructional practice to plan and instruct at least five different client sessions:

cardiovascular

respiratory

musculoskeletal, with attention to:

bone strength

muscle endurance

muscle strength

nervous

digestive

explain and demonstrate:

the major movements of the body, while identifying major muscles

actions of major joints during exercise

relevant information regarding structure and function of skeletal muscle, and process of muscle contraction during exercise

muscle actions and functions during different types of contractions.


Evidence of Knowledge

Demonstrated knowledge required to complete the tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit:

anatomical terminology:

anatomical position

superior

inferior

proximal

distal

lateral

medial

superficial

deep

planes of movement – sagittal, frontal, horizontal

movement terminology and muscle actions:

flexion

extension

abduction

adduction

pronation

supination

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

circumduction

inversion

eversion

structural levels of body organisation:

cells

tissues

organs

organisms

functions of major muscles during exercise and movement:

agonist

prime mover

antagonist

synergist

fixator

types of muscle contractions:

isotonic – concentric and eccentric

isokinetic

isometric

tissue types:

connective

muscle

nervous

epithelial

body systems, their interdependence and contribution to a healthy body:

cardiovascular

musculoskeletal

nervous

digestive

respiratory

structure and function of:

muscles:

types and classifications

global and local muscular systems

major muscle groups

contractibility and activation

nervous system:

nerves and nerve impulses

reflex arcs and relationship to stretching

role of nervous system in different types of training

skeletal system:

types of bones

major bones

bony landmarks

major joints

cardiovascular system:

heart and blood vessel anatomy

circulation pathways

role of blood

oxygen demands of fitness activities

relationships between exercise intensity and circulatory and ventilator responses

respiratory system:

mechanics of breathing

respiratory volumes and relationships to fitness levels and exercise

energy systems, pathways and substrates and relevant recovery options

thermoregulation of the human body:

consideration of the methods of cooling and warming

current environmental conditions

exercises to promote ideal postural alignment and prevent development of pathological postures, with consideration of:

spinal curves

muscle balance

joint alignment.


Assessment Conditions

Skills must be demonstrated in:

a workplace or simulated fitness industry environment that offers a variety of fitness services and facilities for clients.

Assessment must ensure access to:

anatomical and physiological information and resources

anatomical models or images.

Assessment must ensure use of:

planning and evaluation documentation with inclusion of identified improvements to professional practice

clients for the purposes of explanation and demonstration in instruction; these can be:

clients in the workplace, or

individuals who participate in project activities, role plays or simulated activities, set up for the purpose of assessment, within a training organisation.

Assessment activities that allow the individual to:

demonstrate ability to incorporate body system knowledge into the instruction of sessions, catering for:

beginners, intermediate and advanced participants

low and high impact.

Assessors must satisfy the Standards for Registered Training Organisation’s requirements for assessors, and:

have achieved a Certificate IV in Fitness or above; and

have at least 1 year consecutive post qualification fitness industry experience in the application of the skills and knowledge of the Certificate IV in Fitness.


Foundation Skills

Foundation skills essential to performance in this unit, but not explicit in the performance criteria are listed here, along with a brief context statement.

SKILLS

DESCRIPTION

Reading skills to:

source and comprehend often complex anatomical and physiological information such as anatomical charts and labels on anatomical models.

Problem-solving skills to:

make connections between own practice and conclusions drawn from information about principles of anatomy and physiology.

Learning skills to:

monitor sources of information to expand knowledge base on anatomy and physiology relevant to own practice.


Sectors

Fitness


Competency Field

Fitness