Application
This unit describes the performance outcomes, skills and knowledge required to develop plans and procedures for admitting, seating and dispersing crowds to ensure safety, security and well-being of personnel and participants. It requires the ability to use critical thinking, planning and organisational skills, combined with detailed knowledge of risk management issues, crowd control techniques and relevant emergency procedures.
It applies to individuals responsible for developing plans and procedures for managing large crowds in any industry or community context, including events.
The unit applies to managers who operate with significant autonomy and who are responsible for making strategic management decisions.
The unit does not cover the specialised operational crowd management skills required by police or other security experts.
No occupational licensing, certification or specific legislative requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication.
Elements and Performance Criteria
ELEMENTS | PERFORMANCE CRITERIA |
Elements describe the essential outcomes. | Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. |
1. Analyse risks associated with large crowds. | 1.1.Identify and evaluate crowd management regulatory constraints and requirements. 1.2.Identify and analyse general risks associated with the gathering of large crowds. 1.3.Identify and analyse current and emerging situation-specific risks and assess their impact when planning. 1.4.Inspect, or organise inspection of, venue and facilities to ensure regulatory compliance and facilitate risk assessment. 1.5.Assess need for specialised security assistance or involvement of authorities in crowd management. |
2. Develop crowd management strategies. | 2.1.Establish maximum limits for admission based on analysis of risks and venue. 2.2.Estimate expected crowd numbers based on historical data and current trends or attendance information. 2.3.Consult with relevant stakeholders on crowd management approaches. 2.4.Develop approaches that minimise identified risks. 2.5.Evaluate and respond to broader management constraints and issues. 2.6.Develop evaluation criteria for crowd management strategies in consultation with stakeholders. |
3. Develop crowd management operational plan. | 3.1.Develop and document crowd management procedures, including contingency procedures. 3.2.Determine and document resource requirements for crowd management. 3.3.Identify critical tasks and allocate responsibilities and timelines. 3.4.Develop contractor specifications as required. 3.5.Obtain approval for plan from relevant stakeholders. 3.6.Provide operational information to staff and other stakeholders. |
4. Develop emergency crowd management procedures. | 4.1.Develop and document procedures for managing crowds in emergency situations in consultation with relevant stakeholders. 4.2.Identify and document safety needs of special populations in emergency situations. 4.3.Implement and accurately document required practice drills. |
5. Evaluate crowd management plan and procedures. | 5.1.Evaluate effectiveness of crowd management, based on agreed evaluation criteria. 5.2.Incorporate outcomes of evaluation into future planning. |
Evidence of Performance
Evidence of the ability to complete tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit in the context of the job role, and:
analyse the crowd management risks and requirements for at least two different types of events from those listed in the knowledge evidence
determine venue or site capacity and anticipated numbers for one of the above events
develop a crowd management strategy for one of the above events, demonstrating analysis of:
different approaches and strategies for effective crowd management and risk minimisation
criteria to measure the effectiveness of crowd management strategies
develop a crowd management plan for one of the above events which documents specific details for:
emergency situations:
drug or alcohol effected attendees
medical emergency
riot
terrorist or other threats
natural disaster
fire
equipment failure
stage failure
illegal entry
adverse weather
changes in crowd behaviour
procedures appropriate to the event for:
venue or site access
communication methods and protocols
first aid
human resources
physical resources
staging set-up
evaluate the above crowd management strategy and plan against the following evaluation criteria:
attendance targets
environmental targets
financial targets
service targets.
Evidence of Knowledge
Demonstrated knowledge required to complete the tasks outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit:
key requirements of emergency management strategies
types of situations that require specific crowd control planning
types of events for which crowd management plans are required:
entertainment and leisure
exhibitions, expositions and fairs
festivals
fundraising
sports
attractions
performance venues
sources of specialist assistance in relation to crowd management and the role and scope of security services
legislation, regulation and industry codes that affect crowd management:
duty of care
emergency procedures
first aid
professional indemnity
public liability
work health and safety
procedures for managing crowds and the associated resource requirements
risk management issues associated with the gathering of large crowds and ways to manage them:
access
accident
adverse weather
congestion and overcrowding
crowd stress
fire
situation-specific risks relating to:
event duration and its impact on crowd behaviour
nature of audience:
youth
elderly people
nature of event, intensity and impact on crowd
special needs of audience, attendees and participants
timing in regard to external factors
venue constraints and capacity.
Assessment Conditions
Skills must be demonstrated in an operational events context where the development of crowd management plans is required. This can be:
a live event
a simulated industry event set up for the purpose of skills assessment.
Assessment must ensure access to:
venues and sites at which crowd management is required
current legal and other regulatory information on which to base crowd management planning
operational event information:
contingency procedures
evacuation procedures
emergency contacts
event or program information; rosters, event running sheets and schedules
venue or site maps and traffic routes
stakeholders with whom the individual can interact as part of the planning process; these can be:
those in an industry workplace who are assisted by the individual during the assessment process; or
individuals who participate in role plays or simulated activities, set up for the purpose of assessment, in a simulated industry environment operated within a training organisation.
Assessors must satisfy the Standards for Registered Training Organisations’ requirements for assessors; and:
have worked in industry for at least three years where they have applied the skills and knowledge of this unit of competency.
Foundation Skills
Foundation skills essential to performance in this unit, but not explicit in the performance criteria are listed here, along with a brief context statement. | |
SKILLS | DESCRIPTION |
Numeracy skills to: | calculate venue or site capacity. |
Problem-solving skills to: | anticipate and respond to potential crowd control risks and problems with effective strategies and procedures. |
Sectors
Events
Competency Field
Events