Application
2) | |
This competency standard Unit is intended to augment formally acquired competencies. It is suitable for employment-based programs under an approved contract of training. |
Prerequisites
Prerequisite Unit(s) | 4) | |
Competencies | 4.1) | |
Granting of competency in this unit shall be made only after competency in the following unit(s) has/have been confirmed. Where pre-requisite pathways have been identified. All competencies in the Common Unit Group must be have been completed plus all the competencies in one (1) of the identified Pathway Unit Group(s): Common Unit Group | ||
Unit Code | Unit Title | |
Apply Occupational Health and Safety regulations, codes and practices in the workplace | ||
Solve problems in d.c. Circuits | ||
Use drawings, diagrams, schedules, standards, codes and specifications | ||
Solve problems in electromagnetic devices and related circuits | ||
Solve problems in electromagnetic devices and related circuits | ||
Prepare and manage detailed construction plans for electrical power system infrastructure | ||
Organise and implement ESI line and easement surveys | ||
Apply sustainable energy and environmental procedures | ||
Working safely near live electrical apparatus | ||
Implement and monitor the power system organisational OHS policies, procedures and programs | ||
Implement and monitor the power system environmental and sustainable energy management policies and procedures |
Literacy and numeracy skills | 4.2) | |||||
Participants are best equipped to achieve this unit if they have reading, writing and numeracy skills indicated by the following scales. Description of each scale is given in Volume 2, Part 3 “Literacy and Numeracy” | ||||||
Reading | 5 | Writing | 5 | Numeracy | 5 |
Elements and Performance Criteria
ELEMENT | PERFORMANCE CRITERIA | ||
1 | Plan for and coordinate the design of underground transmission systems | 1.1 | OHS practices/procedures and environmental and sustainable energy procedures, which may influence the design of underground transmission systems, are reviewed and determined. |
1.2 | Purpose of the design is established and expected outcomes of the work are confirmed with the appropriate personnel. | ||
1.3 | Established policies, procedures and specifications for the design are obtained or established with the appropriate personnel. | ||
1.4 | Equipment/tools and personal protective equipment are selected and coordinated based on specified requirements and established procedures | ||
1.5 | Work is prioritised and sequenced for the most efficient and effective outcome following consultation with others for completion within acceptable timeframes, to a quality standard and in accordance with established procedures | ||
1.6 | Risk control measures are identified, prioritised and evaluated against the work schedule | ||
1.7 | Relevant work permits are secured to coordinate the performance of work according to requirements and/or established procedures | ||
1.8 | Resources including personnel, equipment, tools and personal protective equipment required for the job are identified, scheduled and coordinated and confirmed in a safe and technical working order | ||
1.9 | Liaison and communication issues with other/authorised personnel, authorities, clients and land-owners are resolved and activities coordinated to carry out work | ||
1.10 | Site is prepared according to the work schedule and to minimise risk and damage to property, commerce, and individuals in accordance with established procedures | ||
1.11 | Personnel participating in the work, including plant operators and contractors, are fully briefed and respective responsibilities coordinated and authorised where applicable in accordance with established procedures | ||
2 | Carry out and coordinate the design of underground transmission systems | 2.1 | Circuit/systems modelling is used to evaluate alternative proposals as per established procedures. |
2.2 | OHS and sustainable energy principles, functionality and practices to avoid incidents and accidents and minimise waste are incorporated into the project in accordance with requirements and/or established procedures | ||
2.3 | System design decisions are made on the basis of safety and effective outcomes according to requirements and/or established procedures | ||
2.4 | Mathematical models of the design are used to analyse the effectiveness of the finished project as per requirements and established procedures | ||
2.5 | Technical advice is given regarding potential hazards, safety risks and control measures so that monitoring and preventative action can be undertaken and/or appropriate authorities consulted, where necessary, in accordance with requirements and established procedures | ||
2.6 | Essential knowledge and associated skills are applied to analyse specific data and compare it with compliance specifications to ensure completion of the project within an agreed timeframe according to requirements. | ||
2.7 | Solutions to non-routine problems are identified and actioned using acquired essential knowledge and associated skills according to requirements | ||
2.8 | Quality of work is monitored against personal performance agreement and/or established organisational and professional standards. | ||
3 | Complete and coordinate the design of underground transmission systems | 3.1 | Final inspections of the design are undertaken to ensure they comply with all requirements and include all specifications and documentations needed to complete the design brief. |
3.2 | Appropriate personnel are notified of completion and reports and/or completion documents are finalised. | ||
3.3 | Reports and/or completion documents are submitted to relevant personnel/organisations for approval and, where applicable, statutory or regulatory approval | ||
3.4 | Approved copies of design documents are issued and records are updated in accordance with established procedures. |
Required Skills
8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of designing underground transmission systems. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TDS58A Underground transmission systems Evidence shall show an understanding of designing underground transmission systems to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Generation systems encompassing: Methods of generating electricity - types of power stations and reasons for their location, layout of thermal and hydroelectric power stations Relationship between power control and load requirements - operating speeds for thermal and hydroelectric generating sets, typical generator voltage levels and output ratings The purpose and features of typical types of co-generation systems T2 Transmission structures and hardware encompassing: Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types of structures Types and function of associated hardware/equipment and insulators Types of conductors Location of transmissions structures Other equipment used on transmission structures, e.g. aircraft warning devices Voltages on transmission structures T3 Procedures for routine maintenance on transmission structures and hardware encompassing: Procedures for gaining access permits Reasons for gaining access Types of maintenance procedures on transmission structures - procedure to follow for inspection/patrols according to the Transmission Supply Authority Erecting and removing of transmission equipment and hardware from a tower - climbing procedures, square rigging principles, calculation of forces at work within a given square rigging system and construction of a square rigging system Procedures for changing insulators - vertical angle suspension, strain insulator, post insulator (horizontal or vertical) and bridge insulator, calculation of conductor forces Installation of temporary work platforms - types and function of installation tools and equipment, precautions and work methods to follow and procedures for installations of temporary work platforms Installation of conductor protective hardware - types and selection of common dampers, tools and equipment, control of Aeolian vibration and procedures for the installation of dampers onto conductors Dead line insulator washing - supply Authority regulations and procedure for washing de-energised transmission lines T4 Procedures for installation and maintenance on transmission lines, structures and hardware encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the installation and maintenance of transmission lines and associated equipment Requirements for the use of enterprise construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - minimum construction clearances for transmission lines and sag/tension requirements Construction types and structures used in transmission lines Types, sizes and characteristics of transmission conductors - aluminium conductors steel reinforced and earthing conductors Types, sizes and characteristics of transmission conductors - aluminium conductors steel reinforced and earthing conductors Types of electrical connections used to connect transmission conductors - compression termination and bolted termination Causes and effects of poor electrical connections Types and application of specialised tools, equipment and hardware for the stringing of transmission conductors Techniques for stringing, tensioning and terminating transmission conductors Techniques for installation of associated hardware used on transmission towers Techniques for maintenance of damage transmission conductors - repair and replacement T5 High voltage switching principles encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to switching of high voltage to a given schedule Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - types, characteristics and capabilities of electrical apparatus, use, characteristics and capabilities of specialised tools and testing equipment and network interconnectors source of possible backfeed Role of the HV switching operator Operational forms, access authorities and permits associated with HV switching - types of operational forms, access authorities and permits and the purpose and procedure for operational forms, access authorities and permits Use and operation of equipment associated with HV overhead and substation equipment - test instruments, sticks, interrupters and arc stranglers Types and categories of HV switchgear Application, function and operating capabilities of switchgear Restrictions pertaining to HV switching equipment Procedures for the isolation of HV transmission main and working earths Earthing HV electrical apparatus practices and procedures for access - purposes of “Operational” and additional work part “on-site” earths, factors determining the location and effectiveness of “Operational” earthing, acceptable industry procedures and personal protective equipment High voltage switching techniques Operate switching apparatus - identifying hazards, assessing and controlling risks associated with HV switchgear operation, systematic and defensive techniques, mobile radio procedures and double isolation procedures T6 Feeder automation system encompassing: Function of feeder automation system and the main components Operation procedure for a remote field device from a local control station Functions of “System Control and Date Acquisition” (SCADA) (or any other relevant Data Acquisition and Control) systems and its main components SCADA system security interlocks and access restrictions SCADA system operation when switching apparatus or retrieving data via a remote access device such as; Remote Access Terminal (RAT), Dial Up Voice Annunciated System and Local Control Station Function of the main components of a local/remote control system Operation of a field devices using SCADA systems via a Remote Access Terminal (RAT), Dial Up Annunciated System and Local Control Station T7 Layout principles for underground mains distribution extension encompassing: Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to underground mains distribution extension Requirements for the use of underground mains construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings and for plans such as work method statements for the control of OHS risks Methods in determining material, equipment and tool lists - components types and quantity required, spacing of components and equipment, costings of items and components. Purchasing and contractual arrangements to include a requirement to eliminate OHS hazards, minimise risks and provide residual OHS risk information Determination of conductor size, type and route length Resources needed for the laying of conductors Determining the appropriate excavation for the location Determining the size and depth of excavation Determining the trench and pit layout procedures Minimum clearances between conductors Estimation of the duration of underground distribution extension project T8 Effects of harmonics to an extent indicated by the following aspects: Characteristics and effects of harmonics on protection device functions/malfunction Effects of harmonics on the following: transformers, generators, motors and quality of supply T9 HV system load calculation principles encompassing: Structure of HV systems Ratings of HV system components Relationship to HV customers Methods of determining load on HV systems Records of load on HV systems Effect of added load on HV feeders - variation of current, voltage, power, reactive power and power factor Load flows in parallel or loop operation Enterprise specific network coordination tools T10 EHV system load calculation principles encompassing: Structure of EHV transmission systems Ratings of EHV system components Relationship to EHV customers Relationship to generation sources Methods of determining load on EHV systems Records of load on EHV systems Effect of added load on EHV transmission systems - variation of current, voltage, power, reactive power and power factor Load flows in parallel or loop operation Enterprise specific network coordination tools |
Evidence Required
9) This provides essential advice for assessment of the unit of competency and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria and the range statement of the unit of competency and the Training Package Assessment Guidelines. The Evidence Guide forms an integral part of this Competency Standard Unit and shall be used in conjunction with all component parts of this unit and, performed in accordance with the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package. |
Overview of Assessment | 9.1) |
Longitudinal competency development approaches to assessment, such as Profiling, require data to be reliably gathered in a form that can be consistently interpreted over time. This approach is best utilised in Apprenticeship programs and reduces assessment intervention. It is the Industry’s preferred model for apprenticeships. However, where summative (or final) assessment is used it is to include the application of the competency in the normal work environment or, at a minimum, the application of the competency in a realistically simulated work environment. It is recognised that, in some circumstances, assessment in part or full can occur outside the workplace. However, it must be in accord with Industry and, Regulatory policy in this regard. Methods chosen for a particular assessment will be influenced by various factors. These include the extent of the assessment, the most effective locations for the assessment activities to take place, access to physical resources, additional safety measures that may be required and the critical nature of the competencies being assessed. The critical safety nature of working with electricity, electrical equipment, gas or any other hazardous substance/material carries risk in deeming a person competent. Hence, sources of evidence need to be ‘rich’ in nature so as to minimise error in judgment. Activities associated with normal every day work have a bearing on the decision as to how much and how detailed the data gathered will contribute to its ‘richness’. Some skills are more critical to safety and operational requirements while the same skills may be more or less frequently practiced. These points are raised for the assessors to consider when choosing an assessment method and developing assessment instruments. Sample assessment instruments are included for Assessors in the Assessment Guidelines of this Training Package. |
Critical aspects of evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit | 9.2) | |||
Before the critical aspects of evidence are considered all prerequisites shall be met. Evidence for competence in this unit is based, shall be considered holistically. Each element and associated Performance Criteria shall be demonstrated on at least two occasions in accordance with the “Assessment Guidelines – UET12”. Evidence shall also comprise: A representative body of Performance Criteria demonstrated within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline, work function and industrial environment. In particular this shall incorporate evidence that shows a candidate is able to: Implement Occupational Health and Safety workplace procedures and practices including the use of risk control measures as specified in the Performance Criteria and range; and Apply sustainable energy principles and practices as specified in the Performance Criteria and range; and Demonstrate an understanding of the essential knowledge and associated skills as described in this unit to such an extent that the learner’s performance outcome is reported in accordance with the preferred approach; namely a percentile graded result, where required by the regulated environment; and Demonstrate an appropriate level of employability skills; and Conduct work observing the relevant Anti Discrimination legislation, regulations, policies and workplace procedures; and Demonstrated performance across a representative range of contexts from the prescribed items below: | ||||
Range of tools/equipment/materials/procedures/workplaces/other variables | ||||
Group No | The minimum number of items on which skill is to be demonstrated | Item List | ||
A | Completion of six (6) compliant technical designs of an underground transmission network with at least one relating to each of the following project types: | Alteration to existing assets Underground supplies between substations possibly including overhead to underground connections. | ||
B | Designs should also include all the following: | Activities that address the correction of errors in the process. Application of a design control checklist which lists all of the required design activities to be carried out in this process. | ||
C | At least one occasion | Dealing with an unplanned event by drawing on essential knowledge and associated skills to provide appropriate solutions incorporated in the holistic assessment with the above listed items. |
Context of and specific resources for assessment | 9.3) |
This unit should be assessed as it relates to normal work practice using procedures, information and resources typical of a workplace. This should include: OHS policy and work procedures and instructions. Suitable work environment, facilities, equipment and materials to undertake actual design of underground transmission systems. In addition to the resources listed above, in Context of and specific resources for assessment, evidence should show demonstrated competency working realistic environment and a variety of conditions. |
Method of assessment | 9.4) |
This Competency Standard Unit shall be assessed by methods given in Volume 1, Part 3 “Assessment Guidelines”. Note: Competent performance with inherent safe working practices is expected in the Industry to which this Competency Standard Unit applies. This requires that the specified essential knowledge and associated skills are assessed in a structured environment which is primarily intended for learning/assessment and incorporates all necessary equipment and facilities for learners to develop and demonstrate the essential knowledge and associated skills described in this unit. |
Concurrent assessment and relationship with other units | 9.5) |
There are no recommended concurrent assessments with this unit, however in some cases efficiencies may be gained in terms of learning and assessment effort being concurrently managed. |
Range Statement
10) This relates to the unit of competency as a whole providing the range of contexts and conditions to which the Performance Criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance. This Competency Standard Unit shall be demonstrated in relation to the design of underground transmission systems and may include the following items or equipment: Manufacture’s data sheets, documents, drawings Manufacturers’ recommendations; Reliability performance profiles; Knowledge of local history and experience; Consultation with other Authorities; Environmental influences; Present practices. Equipment includes; Sectionalisers, air break switches, capacitor banks, transformer taps, metering and protection equipment, data communication systems Primary and secondary voltage and current injection equipment; time delay measuring equipment; Current transformers; Voltage transformers; Power transformers; Tapchangers; Circuit breakers; Capacitor banks; Ring main units; Audio frequency load control; Circuit breaker auxiliary systems; Substation and metal structure earthing systems; SCADA interfaces and transducer inputs; local opto-isolated alarms: PLC programs; Auto Reclosers (ACRs); protection relays; metering; control circuits; Statistical metering systems; Frame leakage relays; Distance relays; Pilot wire relays; Transformer differential relays; Busbar differential relays; Impedance bus zone relays; Overcurrent and earth fault relays; Transformer neutral check relays; Circuit breaker fail relays; Multi-trip relays; Auto recloser relays; Voltage transformer failure relays; Surge protection relays; Buchholz relays; Winding temperature relays; Sensitive earth fault relays; Phase failure relays; Frequency relays; Load shedding relays; General protection LV devices; Oil temperature protection devices; Oil surge protection devices; Power supplies. differential relays; power systems; multi-facetted schemes; interactive overload schemes, distance protection (incorporating relay selection, switched/non-switched schemes; mutual coupling and teed feeder systems); protection signalling (incorporating series, direct, permissive, distance acceleration, block interruption); telecommunication circuits and equipment. The following constants and variables included in the element/Performance Criteria in this unit are fully described in the Definitions Section 1 of this volume and form an integral part of the Range Statement of this unit: Appropriate and relevant persons (see Personnel) Appropriate authorities Appropriate work platform. Assessing risk Assessment Authorisation Confined space Diagnostic, testing and restoration. Documenting detail work events, record keeping and or storage of information. Drawings and specifications Emergency Environmental and sustainable energy procedures Environmental legislation. Environmental management documentation. Established procedures. Fall prevention Hazards Identifying hazards Inspect Legislation MSDS Notification. OHS practices OHS issues Permits and / or permits to work Personnel. Quality assurance systems. Requirements. Safe design principles Testing procedures Work clearance systems |
Sectors
Not applicable.
Employability Skills
5) | |
The required outcomes described in this unit of competency contain applicable facets of Employability Skills. The Employability Skills Summary of the qualification in which this unit of competency is packaged will assist in identifying Employability Skill requirements. |
Licensing Information
License to practice | 3) |
The skills and knowledge described in this unit may require a licence/registration to practice in the work place subject to regulations for undertaking of electrical work. Practice in workplace and during training is also subject to regulations directly related to Occupational Health and Safety, electricity/telecommunications/gas/water industry safety and compliance, industrial relations, environmental protection, anti discrimination and training. Commonwealth, State/Territory or Local Government legislation and regulations may exist that limits the age of operating certain equipment. |