REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE |
This describes the knowledge required for this unit.
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1
| National and international regulations, IMO Conventions and Codes, including AMSA Marine Orders applicable to the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems on vessels of unlimited propulsion power
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2
| Established engineering practice and procedures for the operation of shipboard main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems in warm through, manoeuvring, start up, normal running, emergency and shut down situations
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3
| Operational characteristics and performance specifications for the different types of marine main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems typically on a vessel of unlimited propulsion power
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4
| Elementary principles of internal combustion engine cycles, including:
|
| a
| the operating principles of two stroke and four stroke internal combustion engines
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| b
| the Otto, diesel and dual combustion cycles
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| c
| Methods for calculating mean effective pressure using an indicator diagram
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| d
| the indicated power formula
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| e
| specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency
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| f
| the ideal cycle and air standard efficiency
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| g
| the effects of insufficient, minimum and excess air on combustion
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5
| The operating cycle of refrigeration and related problems on refrigeration plant performance, including:
|
| a
| the principles of refrigeration
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| b
| the refrigeration cycle as a pressure/enthalpy diagram
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| c
| the properties of refrigerants used in refrigeration plants
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| d
| refrigeration effect and plant capacity
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6
| The psychrometric chart and the cycle of operation and working principles of air-conditioning plants, including the meaning of psychrometric terms such as relative humidity, and dry and wet bulb temperatures
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7
| The types, properties, tests, applications and treatment of fuels, lubricants, solvents and chemicals used on board vessel, including a basic understanding of the working principles, construction, maintenance and safe operation of centrifuges, filters, and other treatment devices
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8
| Basic principles of operation of boilers and steam systems, including:
|
| a
| understanding of how combustion occurs in a boiler, and related safety procedures, including the importance of purging a boiler and other safety precautions taken when firing a boiler
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| b
| principles of boiler operation in normal and emergency situations
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| c
| typical feed systems for marine boilers, including all components normally found in such systems
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| d
| a basic understanding of the various fittings mounted on auxiliary boilers, including:
|
| | i
| the common operating routines of local water level indicators, including methods of blowing a gauge glass, clearing blockages, and overhaul of these devices
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| | ii
| the effects of blockages in the water, steam and drain cocks of water level indicators
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| e
| how a boiler is flashed up from cold and put in line
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| f
| the purpose of all alarms and shut downs incorporated in a marine boiler
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| g
| typical configurations of, and operating principles applying to, the various steam distribution systems found aboard vessel
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| h
| the checks which should be made regularly during routine turbine operation
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9
| The nature and causes of typical malfunctions and/or poor performance main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems and the available methods for their detection and rectification
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10
| Basic principles of operation of turbine systems and auxiliary steam plant, including:
|
| a
| the methods of turbine control, including safety devices
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| b
| the symptoms, causes, effects, and actions to be taken of defects of auxiliary steam turbines
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| c
| the construction and operation of auxiliary steam turbines
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| d
| methods of lubricating the principal components of a marine steam turbine and its associated gearing, and evaluate common faults, including common lubrication faults, symptoms, causes, and actions to be taken with such faults
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11
| Types of operational and performance evaluation records that must be maintained on a vessel to meet the requirements of the company, survey requirements and regulatory authorities
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12
| Maritime communication techniques needed during the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated systems
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13
| Procedures for the reading and interpretation of readings and indications of the performance of main and auxiliary machinery and associated systems
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14
| Typical vessel and machinery specifications, machinery design drawings, operational manuals, specifications and electrical and control circuit diagrams
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15
| Purpose and content of material safety data sheets
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16
| Basic principles of diesel engine to a level suitable for a Watchkeeper Engineer, including:
|
| a
| typical starting air and manoeuvring systems of diesel engines, including all components normally found therein:
|
| | i
| starting methods of marine diesel engines and how propulsion manoeuvring is achieved
|
| | ii
| requirements for diesel engines for propulsion, power generation, and emergency use
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| | iii
| methods of reversing direct reversing engines with their interlocks and other safety arrangements
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| | iv
| common faults and appropriate action to be taken with starting/manoeuvring systems
|
| b
| typical diesel engine lubrication systems, including:
|
| | i
| all components normally found therein
|
| | ii
| normal operational pressures and temperatures which should be expected
|
| | iii
| methods of lubricating the principal components of a marine diesel engine, with its associated gearing and/or chain drives, including common lubrication faults, symptoms, causes, and actions to be taken with such faults.
|
| c
| the operating principles and adjustments of diesel engine fuel injection equipment, including common service faults, symptoms, and causes of diesel fuel injection problems, and appropriate actions to be taken.
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| d
| means of pressure charging diesel engines, including common service faults and give appropriate actions to these faults and emergency operation and isolation procedures.
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| e
| different methods of cooling marine diesel engines, including common requirements of cooling.
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| f
| common faults and appropriate action to be taken with cooling of diesel engines.
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| g
| the causes of crankcase and air-line explosions, scavenge and uptake fires.
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17
| The causes, symptoms, means of preventing, detecting, and extinguishing fires and the correct procedures to be taken upon their detection, including:
|
| a
| scavenge fires.
|
| b
| crankcase explosions in both diesel and dual fuel engines.
|
| c
| starting air-line explosions.
|
| d
| the risks of continued service with an isolated waste heat unit.
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18
| Relevant safety, environmental and hazard control legislation, precautions and procedures relevant to the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated systems
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19
| Typical operating precautions for main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems to ensure operational performance is in compliance with the bridge orders, technical specifications, survey requirements and established safety and anti-pollution rules and regulations. Main and auxiliary machinery monitoring and protection devices.
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20
| Hazards and problems that can occur during the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems and appropriate preventative and remedial action and solutions
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21
| Basic thermodynamics as it relates to the responsibilities of an officer on the engineering watch, including:
|
| a
| basic thermodynamic properties of common working fluids.
|
| b
| methods of heat transfer and related problems
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| c
| principles of heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation and their application to marine systems
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| d
| elementary principles of steam plants
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| e
| saturated dry and wet steam, dryness fraction, superheated steam, enthalpy, steam tables. Evaporation.
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| f
| basic steam plant cycles and the function of each component
|
| g
| the combustion process and the calorific value of fuels
|
| h
| the operating cycle of single stage reciprocating air-conditioners, including methods for calculating the mass of air delivered
|
| i
| clearance volume, its effect on volumetric efficiency and methods of calculating the volumetric efficiency
|
| j
| advantages of multi-staging and intercooling
|
| k
| meaning of gauge and absolute pressure
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| l
| temperature and temperature scales
|
| m
| SI units and common thermodynamic terms and principles.
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22
| Compression and expansion of gases, including gas laws, Boyle's Law, Charles Law, characteristic gas equation, gas constant, isothermal, adiabatic and polytropic processes, and specific heat capacity.
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23
| Basic principles of mechanics as they relate to machine operation, including:
|
| a
| statics, force as a vector, triangle and polygon of forces, the principle of moments, application to simply supported beams and cranked levers, moments of force, couples, centroids and centres of gravity limited to geometrical shapes, resultant and equilibrant of a system of concurrent coplanar forces
|
| b
| laws of friction for dry surfaces, coefficient of friction (horizontal plane only), lubrication of bearings and plain surfaces
|
| c
| linear displacement, time speed, velocity and acceleration, angular motion
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| d
| problems with constant force or force with linear variation, torque, work, energy, power, conservation of energy, potential and kinematic energy, Newton's laws of motion, momentum, rate of change of momentum, centrifugal force
|
| e
| simple lifting machines, graphs of load-effort and load-efficiency, linear law, velocity ratio, mechanical advantage and efficiency of the following machines: wheel and axle, differential pulley blocks, screw jack, Warwick screw, hydraulic jack, worm driven chain blocks and single and double purchase crab winches, reduction gearing
|
| f
| direct stress and strain, Hooke's law, modulus of elasticity, elastic limit, ultimate tensile strength, yield stress, limit of proportionality, safety factor, shear stress
|
| g
| circumferential and longitudinal stress in thin cylindrical and spherical shells subject to internal pressure
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24
| Basic principles of naval architecture
|
| a
| transverse stability, elementary treatment of transverse stability, shift of centre of gravity due to addition, removal, or transfer of masses, qualitative treatment of free surface effect, water accumulation, and their effect on stability
|
| b
| structural strength, variation of fluid pressure with depth, loading due to head of liquid
|
| c
| vessel construction, common terms used in the measurement of steel vessels, definitions of shipbuilding terms in general use and types of vessels
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25
| Precautions necessary before entering empty oil fuel or ballast tanks
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REQUIRED SKILLS |
This describes the basic skills required for this unit.
|
1
| Communicate effectively with other personnel when operating main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems
|
2
| Communicate with multilingual crew where applicable using established techniques
|
3
| Interpret and follow procedures for the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems
|
4
| Read and interpret equipment performance readings and instrumentation
|
5
| Interpret and follow all safety management procedures and precautions when operating main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems
|
6
| Read and interpret material safety data sheets
|
7
| Read and interpret vessel and machinery specifications, machinery design drawings, machine drawings, operational manuals, specifications and electrical and control circuit diagrams
|
8
| Work collaboratively with other shipboard personnel when operating main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems
|
9
| Identify problems that can occur during the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems and take appropriate action
|
10
| Carry out calculations required when operating main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems
|
11
| Adapt to differing types of main and auxiliary machinery from different manufacturers and associated control systems from one vessel to another and when equipment and systems are changed
|
12
| Take appropriate precautions to prevent pollution of the marine environment
|
13
| Select and use tools and equipment required for the operation of main and auxiliary machinery and associated control systems |