8) Essential Knowledge and Associated Skills (EKAS): This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that knowledge has been acquired of developing LV distribution switching programs. All knowledge and skills detailed in this unit should be contextualised to current industry practices and technologies. KS01-TSO36A Low voltage distribution switching programs Evidence shall show an understanding of low voltage distribution switching programs to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Transmission, distribution and rail systems encompassing: Relationship between the transmission, distribution and rail/tram system within an overall power system - different organisations responsible for generation, transmission, distribution and rail/tram and, how they correlate and their functions Characteristics of a transmission, a distribution and a rail system - principal components, typical voltage levels and methods of transmission and distribution including grid type transmission systems, radial, parallel and ring main feeders Relationship between an overhead and underground supply systems within an overall power system - advantages/disadvantages, applications and the basic steps for planning and installing an overhead and underground distribution system Single line drawings and layouts - drawings and layouts of transmission and distribution systems including, radial, parallel and ring main feeders and the HV equipment associated with substations. T2 Control of generator systems for synchronisation of a LV genset encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements pertaining to the operation of a portable generator encompassing: Safety precautions specific to the synchronisation of gensets - safe working practices and procedures, synchronising procedures Techniques in the installation of gensets control systems - the synchronising of generator control systems onto and off the network without interruption to supply, estimation of LV load, assessing the appropriateness of the generator. Operating a generator in parallel to a single LV job - overhead systems, indoor systems, customer installations, kiosk substations LV genset and control system to LV Distribution assets. T3 Different types and function of distribution components encompassing: Commonwealth/State/Territory and local government legislation, Standards, codes, Commonwealth, State/Territory and local government legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to the use and application of distribution components Requirements for the use of overhead line construction manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types, function and characteristics of distribution components Safety policies and procedures precautions related to the handling and installing distribution components T4 Co-ordinating access authority procedures encompassing: Specific enterprise processes, policies and procedures to be followed Processes of consultation, negotiation and co-ordination - clear and concise instructions and information, methods for the encouragement of feedback and contributions of information and ideas, responsibilities of members of the team. Techniques in analysing, planning, co-ordination and organising work for a safe outcome and according to statutory requirements and regulations Techniques in the effective utilisation of available resources Techniques in the development of an access authority/permit and/or access authority/permit issuing procedures Techniques in facilitating and co-ordinating the delivery and issuing of access authorities Techniques in gathering, collating and confirming data on different worksites - electrical network diagrams for the specific work site, earth access authorities, safe working area, work to be carried out in confined space or in hazardous environment, specific outsourcing procedures, specific hazard identification, risk classification and management procedures, regulatory requirements such as Occupational Health and Safety and electrical safety Techniques in the receiving and co-ordinating the cancellation of access authorities in readiness for restoration Methods of conducting audits on correct access authority procedures Process of issuing of other access authorities for work permits - working in confined space, if required, co-ordination of access authorities, engaging and briefing contractors on electrical and other work Issue and receipt of operating agreements. T5 Principles of Statutory and safety considerations encompassing: Commonwealth/State/Territory legislation, standards, codes, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with working on High Voltage Particular reference to State and Territory regulations regarding - working near energised conductors, electrical access, heights, confined space, testing procedures, licensing rules. T6 Principles of isolation and tagging procedures associated with protection testing encompassing: Standards, codes, Commonwealth/State/Territory legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements associated with the installation, maintenance, isolation and tagging procedures Requirements for the use of, isolation and tagging, manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Techniques in documenting isolations Techniques in appropriate isolation and tagging procedures as per Commonwealth /State /Territory legislation, supply authority regulations and enterprise standards Techniques in the installation and maintenance procedures protection devices as per Commonwealth/State/Territory legislation, supply authority regulations and enterprise standards. T7 Low voltage switching principles encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to switching of low voltage to a given schedule Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - types, characteristics and capabilities of electrical apparatus, use, characteristics and capabilities of specialised tools and testing equipment, LV network interconnectors source of possible backfeed Low voltage switching techniques - identifying hazards, assessing and controlling risks associated with LV switching operations, electrical access permit(s), operational procedures, earthing procedures Personnel protective equipment (PPE) for LV switching T8 LV system switching principles including switching authorisation procedures encompassing: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to system switching Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings Types and characteristics of LV systems and equipment to be switched Procedures for obtaining correct LV switching authorization - identification of OHS hazards, assessing and controlling risks, safety procedures and precautions, safe approach distances, responsibilities and protocols, identifying switching resources, procedures for obtaining electrical access permits authorities, requirements for team switching, procedures for coordination of operations. Techniques in LV system switching - isolation procedures and proving dead, earthing procedures, pre-switching checks, switching operational procedures, emergency fault procedures, energisation procedures. T9 Low voltage overhead and substation switching principles encompassing: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to low voltage overhead and substation switching Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - types, characteristics and capabilities of LV electrical equipment to be switched, use, characteristics and capabilities of specialised tools and testing equipment, role and responsibilities of the LV switching operator. Operational forms, access authorities and hazard/risk assessments associated with HV switching - types of operational forms, access authorities and hazard/risk assessments, purpose and procedure for operational forms, access authorities and hazard/risk assessments. Use and operation of equipment associated with LV overhead and substation equipment - test instruments, sticks, interrupters, arc stranglers. LV switchgear – types, categories, application, operating capabilities Operation of LV overhead switching or indicating devices - fuses; disconnect fuses; load switching; underslung links, air break switches; disconnects; live line clamps; phasing sticks; phasing tester. Operation of protection systems and substation equipment - fault levels and settings; types and applications, protection systems and substation equipment fault levels and settings; types and applications. Restrictions pertaining to LV switching equipment Procedures for the isolation of LV distributions main and working earths Earthing LV electrical apparatus practices and procedures for access authority issuing Low voltage switching techniques Operate switching apparatus - identifying hazards, assessing and controlling risks associated with LV switchgear operation, systematic and defensive techniques, mobile radio procedures, double isolation procedures. T10 Preparation of a LV switching instruction encompassing: Legislation, Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and or enterprise requirements applicable to switching sheet schedules Requirements for the use of manuals, system diagrams/plans and drawings - types, characteristics and capabilities of LV electrical equipment to be switched, isolation points and earthing, responsibilities of the switching operator. Techniques in writing switching schedules - sequence of switching operations, isolation procedures, earthing procedures, switching completion notification procedures. T11 Enterprise specific — policy and procedure instructions encompassing: Responsibilities and duty of care of employer and employee relationship Methods of obtaining the up-to-date information on enterprise policy and procedures Rules and regulations Induction into workplace - location of work area and storage area, timetable, uniform, personal well-being, housekeeping rules, emergency procedures, evacuation procedures Techniques when deal with others - working in teams, customer relation, complaint and issues procedures. Overview of enterprise professional development - fire fighting procedures, fatigue management, training and competency development - understanding and promotion T12 Enterprises specific — OHS instructions encompassing: Standards, codes, legislation, supply authority regulations and specific enterprise regulations pertaining to the OHS policies and procedures Methods of obtaining the up-to-date information on enterprise OHS policy and procedures Specific enterprise personal protection equipment - type and application, where and when to be used, method of replacement, responsibility of maintenance including cleaning inspection and testing, emergency response, rescue, evacuation and First Aid procedures Personal well-being – hygiene, fatigue/stress management, drugs/alcohol OHS training - induction training, specific hazard training, specific task or equipment training, emergency and evacuation training, training as part of broader programs such as equipment operation OHS records including audits, inspection reports, workplace health and environmental monitoring records, training and instruction records, manufacturers and suppliers information such as MSDSs, registers, maintenance reports, workers compensation and rehabilitation records and First Aid/medical records T13 Enterprise specific switching diagrams and drawing encompassing: Types and application of enterprise specific switching drawings and documents - wiring and schematic diagrams and switching symbols, mechanical drawings dealing with switching operations, project charts, switching schedules, graphs, technical manuals and catalogues, instruction/work sheets. Interpretation of different system switching diagrams - LV system switching diagrams, DC traction supply sectioning diagrams, HV transmission and distribution system symbols and feeder plans, processes of updating switching diagrams T14 LV system load calculation principles encompassing: Structure of LV systems Ratings of LV system components Methods of determining load on LV systems Records of load on LV systems Effect of added load on LV mains - variation of current, voltage, and power factor Load flow in parallel operation Enterprise specific network coordination tools |