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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Manage a forced landing from level flight, after take-off or on approach
  2. Manage an engine failure at the hover or during taxi
  3. Manage a tail rotor malfunction
  4. Manage a jammed flight control system
  5. Manage adverse aerodynamic conditions
  6. Manage a malfunction of a helicopter operating system

Required Skills

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This describes the essential knowledge and skills and their level required for this unit

Required knowledge

Relevant sections of Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders pertaining to abnormal flight situations

Relevant OHampS and environmental procedures and regulations

Basic principles of aerodynamics

Purpose and functions of helicopter systems

Functions and effects of all helicopter controls

Aerodynamic factors affecting helicopter flight performance

Low level weather and topography effects

Emergency procedures

All applicable checklist items

Practical action plans for use in the event of an engine failure

Procedures for the use of performance charts

Application of the heightvelocity diagramgraph

Local air traffic control procedures and instructions

Emergency radio procedures

Actions to be conducted following a forced landing

Hazards and risks when managing a helicopter in abnormal and emergency flight situations and precautions for controlling the risks

Problems that may occur when managing a helicopter in abnormal and emergency flight situations and appropriate action that should be taken in each case

Required skills

Apply the knowledge to the management of a helicopter in abnormal and emergency situations

Select and use relevant equipment for the management of a helicopter in abnormal and emergency situations

Read and interpret instructions procedures and information relevant to the management of a helicopter in abnormal and emergency situations

Use instruments to monitor helicopter performance

Interpretuse a helicopter manufacturers heightvelocity diagramgraph

Solve problems associated with the management of a helicopter in abnormal and emergency situations

Communicate effectively with others when managing abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Read and interpret instructions regulations procedures and other information relevant to abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Interpret and follow operational instructions and prioritise work

Complete documentation related to abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Operate electronic communication equipment to required protocol

Work collaboratively with others when managing abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Adapt appropriately to cultural differences in the workplace including modes of behaviour and interactions with others

Promptly report andor rectify any identified problems that may occur when managing abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations in accordance with regulatory requirements and workplace procedures

Implement contingency plans for unexpected events that may arise when managing abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Apply precautions and required action to minimise control or eliminate hazards that may exist during abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Monitor and anticipate operational problems and hazards and take appropriate action

Monitor work activities in terms of planned schedule

Modify activities dependent on differing workplace contingencies situations and environments

Work systematically with required attention to detail without injury to self or others or damage to goods or equipment

Adapt to differences in equipment and operating environment in accordance with standard operating procedures

Select and use required personal protective equipment conforming to industry and OHampS standards

Implement OHampS procedures and relevant regulations

Identify and correctly use equipment required to manage abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations

Evidence Required

The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required knowledge and skills the range statement and the assessment guidelines for this Training Package

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

The evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria of this unit and include demonstration of applying

the underpinning knowledge and skills

relevant legislation and workplace procedures

other relevant aspects of the range statement

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Performance is demonstrated consistently over a period of time and in a suitable range of contexts

Resources for assessment include

a range of relevant exercises case studies andor other simulated practical and knowledge assessment andor

access to an appropriate range of relevant operational situations in the workplace

In both real and simulated environments access is required to

relevant and appropriate materials and equipment and

applicable documentation including workplace procedures regulations codes of practice and operation manuals

Method of assessment

Assessment of this unit must be undertaken by a registered training organisation

As a minimum assessment of knowledge must be conducted through appropriate writtenoral tests

Practical assessment must occur

through activities in an appropriately simulated environment at the registered training organisation andor

in an appropriate range of situations in the workplace


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance.

Tasks may be undertaken in:

variable weather conditions in accordance with Day Visual Flight Rules

Performance may be demonstrated in:

single engine helicopter

multi engine helicopter

single main rotor helicopter

multi main rotor helicopter

variable air traffic conditions

variable flight situations

abnormal situations

Performance may be demonstrated on an helicopter with:

fully functioning dual controls

an electronic intercom system

dual control brakes

wheeled or skidded undercarriage

Crew may include:

single pilot

multi crew

Limitations may be imposed by:

local noise abatement requirements and curfews

Classes of airspace are:

those designated by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority

Landing areas may include:

sealed

gravel

grass

confined area

sloping ground

sand

Abnormal conditions may include:

a forced landing from level flight, after take-off or on approach

an engine failure at the hover or during taxi

a tail rotor malfunction

a jammed flight control system

adverse aerodynamic conditions

a malfunction of one of the helicopter's operating systems

Adverse aerodynamic conditions affecting the helicopter may include:

vortex ring state

overpitching

retreating blade stall

loss of tail rotor effectiveness

ground resonance

mast bumping

dynamic roll over

Systems malfunctions may include:

fuel

electrical

helicopter airframe

flight instrument

flight control

engine

radio/navigation aid

fire

smoke and fumes

hydro mechanical systems

Operational hazards during abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations may include:

variable surface conditions

other aircraft

loose objects

personnel

animals

birds

propeller/tail rotor/rotor wash and jet blast

Guidance during abnormal and emergency helicopter flight situations may be provided by:

air traffic control instructions

light signals

aerodrome markings

Checklists may include:

pre-flight

pre-start

engine start

pre-taxi

take-off

after take-off

approach and landing

shutdown

post-flight

Dependent on the type of organisation concerned and the local terminology used, workplace procedures may include:

company procedures

enterprise procedures

organisational procedures

established procedures

standard operating procedures

Procedures maintaining compliance with airspace requirements are:

geographical limits of the flight area is demonstrated on a chart

prominent geographical features are identified using a chart

the limits of the flight area are identified on the ground

the position of controlled airspace is determined using a chart and geographical features

restricted areas are identified using a chart and geographical features

departure from the circuit area and transition to the flight area is completed without incident

departure from the flight area and transition to the circuit area is completed without incident

Information/documents may include:

relevant sections of Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders including Day Visual Flight Rules (Day VFR)

in Defence context, relevant Defence Orders and Instructions

Flight Manual/Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH)

Manual of Standards - Pilot Licensing (MOS-PL)

Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)

En Route Supplement Australia (ERSA)

charts

operations manuals

approved checklists

workplace procedures and instructions and job specification

induction and training materials

conditions of service, legislation and industrial agreements including workplace agreements and awards

Applicable regulations and legislation may include:

relevant Civil Aviation Safety Regulations and Civil Aviation Orders

in Defence context, relevant Defence Orders and Instructions

relevant state/territory OH&S legislation

relevant state/territory environmental protection legislation

relevant Australian Standards

Performance includes tolerances specified in either of:

relevant licence and aircraft rating requirements of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) such as:

Day VFR Syllabus

Manual of Standards

relevant Defence documentation such as:

Defence Orders and Instructions

approved curricula and training documentation